FROG FAMILIES

What makes Ascaphidae distinct?

Primitive “Tailed frog” → internal fertilization, no calls

What makes Leiopelmatidae distinct?

Primitive frogs with ribs + long lifespan, some direct development

What makes Rhinophrynidae distinct?

Burrowing ant specialists, single species

What makes Pipidae distinct?

Fully aquatic, no tongue, lateral line, bizarre reproduction (eggs on back)

What makes Scaphiopodidae distinct?

Desert-adapted, extremely fast tadpole development for that

What makes Pelobatidae distinct?

Burrowing frogs in Europe, similar to spadefoots

What makes Heleophrynidae distinct?

Mountain stream frogs (South Africa)

What makes Sooglossidae distinct?

Tiny island frogs, parental care (tadpoles on back)

What makes Nasikabatrachidae distinct?

Burrowing frog from India

What makes Calyptocephalellidae distinct?

“False toads” from Chile

What makes Myobatrachidae distinct?

Extreme reproductive adaptations (foam nests, stomach brooding, hip pockets)

What makes Ceratophryidae distinct?

Huge heads, frog-eating predators

What makes Hylidae distinct?

Treefrogs, arboreal lifestyle

What makes Hemiphractidae distinct?

Eggs carried on back or in pouch

What makes Centrolenidae distinct?

Glass frogs → transparent skin

What makes Bufonidae distinct?

Toads → no teeth, terrestrial

What makes Dendrobatidae distinct?

Poison frogs, aposematic coloration, parental care

What makes Aromabatidae distinct?

Related to poison frogs, parental care but less toxic

What makes Ranidae distinct?

“True frogs”, aquatic, common worldwide

What makes Microhylidae distinct?

Small, diverse, conserved body shape

What makes Conrauidae distinct?

Largest frogs (Goliath frog)

What makes Pyxicephalidae distinct?

Large African frogs, big heads

What makes Rhacophoridae distinct?

Foam nests + gliding frogs + “bird poop frog”

What makes Mantellidae distinct?

Toxic frogs in Madagascar (like poison frogs)

What makes Hyperoliidae distinct?

African treefrogs, females often more colorful