A&P1 CH4 Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue

Most plentiful, derived from embryonic mesoderm that forms mesoenchyme stem cells.

Binds/supports, insulates, stores energy, transports, integrates, protects.

3 Classes of Connective Tissue

Connective Tissue Proper (Adipose found here), Supportive Connective Tissue, Fluid Connective Tissue

Structure of Connective Tissue

Ample nerve and variable blood supply except cartilage (that’s why cartilage piercings take so long to heal!)

Consists of cells + extracellular nonliving matrix (ground substance + protein fibers)

Ground Substance

What molecules can diffuse through (ex. nutrients).

Protein fibers can act as threads (for diffusion or filtration).

Can be material such as dermatin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, etc.

Protein Fibers Composition

Collagen (for strength), elastin (for flexibility), and particular

Immature cells

Blasts that secrete ground substance and protein fibers.

Ex. Fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts, _____blasts

What makes blood different?

Blood is different for stem cells are not in the blood and do not make the matrix (cells come from red bone marrow).

CELLS IN BLOOD NEVER MAKE THE MATRIX!

Mature cells

_____cytes

Once blasts are made → cytes

(Blasts make these)

Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue

Areolar, Adipose, Reticular

Areolar

Suranwrap around a bunch of different stuff.

Adipose

Older people lose this that’s why they are colder.

Fat cells do reproduce (obesity), protects a lot of stuff underneath (organs).

Cells are called adicytes.

Fixed Cells

Fibroblasts/fibrocytes (most numerous).

Adipocytes store fat.

Mesenchyme cells/mesenchymal cells for regeneration of cells.

Intermittent cells

Mast.

Macrophages and other phagocytic cells.

Lymphocytes and plasma cells.

Matrix Protein Fibers

Collagen, Elastic Fibers, Reticular Fibers

Offer strength and flexibility and may hinder diffusion.

Collagen

For strength, stretch resistance and hold tissue together.

Elastic Fibers

Contain elastin protein for flexibility, stretch

Reticular Fibers

Fine collagen fibers that anchor and attach to nerves, cells, and vessels of an organ = parenchyma

Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

Regular, irregular, elastic