Introduction to Psychology

Flashcards created to summarize key concepts from the Introduction to Psychology lecture.

What is the scientific study of the mind and behavior called?

Psychology

Who is credited with founding Structuralism in psychology?

Wilhelm Wundt

What did William James emphasize in his psychological approach?

Functionalism, focusing on how mental activities help organisms adapt to their environments.

Which theory focuses on the role of the unconscious mind?

Psychoanalytic Theory, founded by Sigmund Freud.

What is the holistic approach to psychology that considers individuals as a whole?

Gestalt Psychology.

What concept did Ivan Pavlov discover?

Classical Conditioning.

Who is known as the father of behaviorism?

John B. Watson.

What is the focus of B.F. Skinner's research?

Operant Conditioning, concerning how behavior is influenced by its consequences.

What theory did Abraham Maslow propose regarding human motivation?

A hierarchy of human needs that motivates behavior.

What type of therapy did Carl Rogers develop?

Client-centered therapy.

What was the focus of the cognitive revolution in psychology?

Incorporating mental functioning into the study of human behavior.

What branch of psychology studies how the nervous system affects behavior?

Biopsychology.

How does sensation differ from perception?

Sensation involves sensory information, while perception is the experience influenced by attention and past experiences.

What area of psychology studies cognition, problem-solving, and memory?

Cognitive Psychology.

Who developed theories on cognitive development that occur from infancy to adulthood?

Jean Piaget.

What aspect of psychology focuses on social interactions and behaviors?

Social Psychology.

What is Industrial-Organizational Psychology concerned with?

Applying psychological principles in workplace settings.

What does health psychology explore?

How biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors influence health.

What is the purpose of clinical psychology?

To diagnose and treat psychological disorders.

What area of psychology examines performance-related anxiety in sports?

Sports Psychology.

What kind of careers in psychology require a PhD or Master's degree?

Teaching, research, clinical and counseling psychologists.

Which career in psychology is focused on assessing mental competency in legal settings?

Forensic Psychology.