Mycology BB 451

These flashcards cover key concepts in plant mycology, particularly regarding defense mechanisms against pathogens.

Plant Innate Immunity

The first line of defense of a plant against pathogens, involving preexisting structural defenses.

Nonhost Resistance

Resistance where a plant can defend itself easily against pathogens it does not host, such as apple trees against tomato pathogens.

Horizontal Resistance

Resistance type that is partial and polygenic, involving multiple genes to provide a defense against a broad range of pathogens.

Vertical Resistance

Race-specific resistance that involves matching resistance genes (R) in the host and avirulence genes (Avr) in pathogens.

Programmed Cell Death

A defense reaction in plants where surrounding cells die to limit the spread of pathogens.

Phytoanticipins

Antimicrobial compounds produced by plants that are present before infection.

Elicitors

Substances released by pathogens that trigger recognition and defense responses in the host plant.

Signal Transduction

The process through which alarm signals are transmitted to activate host cell proteins against pathogens.

Hypersensitive Response (HR)

A localized induced defense in host plants that often results in the death of both the pathogen and surrounding cells.

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Molecules produced during immune responses in plants that lead to increased oxidative reactions and defense activation.