electrolysis

electrolysis

a nonspontaneous chemical rxn caused by electricity

electrolytic cell

uses electricity to drive nonspon rxn

electrolysis of pure ionic compounds

ionic compound must be molten (liquid state

electrodes are normally graphite

cations = reduced at cathode to metal element

anions= oxidized at anode to nonmetal element

electricity supplied by direct current power supply

• AC alternates flow of e- so rxn won’t be able to proceed

overvoltage

some electrolysis rxns require more than what ecell predicts

electrolysis of an aq compound

often involve oxidation or reduction of water

2 possible half rxns bc of water

electroplating

a proces in which electrolysis is used to apply a thin coating of 1 metal on another

metal is transferred from one electrode (anode) to another (cathode)

voltage

the push (force) that causes the flow of electrons

supplied by a potential difference (J/C)

current

rate at which electric charges pass thru a conductor (c/s)

unit of current

ampere (A)

1A of current=

1 C of charge flowing per second

measuring electric charges

measure the current + the length of time its been flowing

I=q/t

factors affecting voltage

temp

conc

partial pressure

E cell under nonstandard conditions

nernst eq