earth and space semester 2 final

EHS - Mr. Hartnagel

Which of these is the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air absorb and re-radiate infrared radiation?

greenhouse effect

What does the Milankovitch theory attempt to explain?

causes of ice ages

Which of these materials would reflect the most sunlight at solar noon?

snow

Assuming other factors remained unchanged, what would happen to the surface temperature on Earth if large amounts of carbon dioxide were removed from the atmosphere?

Surface temperatures would decrease

If the axial tilt of Earth were to increase from 23.5 degrees to 27.5 degrees, how would our summers change in Edwardsville

summers would be hotter

If Earth's orbit of the sun was more circular, what would happen to the variation in the amount of solar energy Earth receives during the year?

The variation in solar energy received would decrease

What evidence demonstrates the interaction between Earth's magnetic field and solar wind?

aurora borealis

What are the southern lights called

aurora australis

What landscape would reflect the most light?

arctic

The hottest planet in our solar system is

venus

If the Earth's axis were to form a 90-degree angle straight up and down, we would no longer have

seasons

The more sunspots we see the..

more auroras we are likely to see

The Maunder Minimum was a mini ice age in the late 1600's believed to be created by

a decrease of solar energy because of a weaker number of sunspots

The furthest point the sun reaches in the northern hemisphere is called

tropic of cancer

If I had trouble sleeping when it is daylight outside, I would want to avoid

north pole, summer

We know the exact second the vernal equinox occurs, (the first day of spring). This is because the sun is directly above the

equator

Our axis has been and will continue to point at for the rest of our lives.

polaris

On June 21-22, the sun is as far North as it will ever get. If I wanted to see the sun directly overhead of me on that day I would have to travel to what city?

Mexico City, Mexico

When it is summer in Australia, it is

winter in the US

Which of the following methods would scientists use to determine global changes in Earth's climate over time?

all can be used to examine climate

How does high albedo affect the planetary climate?

high planetary albedo means more sunlight is reflected, and the planet cools

All of the following affect tides on Earth EXCEPT

Earthquakes and plate tectonic movement

Which of the following would NOT cause our climate to become more stable?

All of the above would give our planets climate more stability

If the Earth did not have a moon, we would not have tides.

false

Which of the following statements is true?

Clouds and water vapor is a greenhouse gas.

Eccentricity is a measure of how stretched an elliptical orbit is. Which object in the solar system would have the greatest eccentricity?

comets

As the planet warms, which outcome is the most likely to happen?

The atmosphere will hold more water vapor, a greenhouse gas that will increase warming, and potentially cause more severe weather.

Which of the following forms of Electromagnetic Radiation have the fastest speed?

none of the above (will be on the test)

When comparing various types of electromagnetic radiation, we find the closer the wavelengths are to each other, the higher the frequency and the higher the energy.

the higher the energy; and the higher the frequency

The higher the energy associated with radiation, the more harmful it can be for humans. Which of the following would be the most harmful for humans?

x-ray

Which of the following wavelengths of visible light is the longest?

red

Of the following, which star is the hottest?

Rigel, a blue supergiant in the constellation Orion.

While we know the earliest telescopes were designed by someone else, this person was widely credited for many discoveries using that early refracting telescope? These discoveries include, sunspots, the 4 closest moons of Jupiter, Saturn's rings, and the phases of Venus.

Galileo Galilei

One advantage of having a ground based telescope instead of a space based telescope is...

We can make the telescope massive, and bigger is better

All of the following are reasons why space based telescopes are an advantage over ground based telescopes, except..

We can easily fix any problems we may encounter with the telescope

Which of the following statements about optical telescopes is true?

Reflecting uses mirrors to focus the image and refracting uses glass lenses

Which of the following places would be the best to put a ground based optical telescope?

On top of a mountain in Hawaii

Tonight, you decide to do some stargazing, you go outside and see a red star in the sky. Based on what you have learned, you know that star is...

A colder star than most of the others

We use parallax to determine..

the distance to a star within 1000 light years from Earth

Doppler shift is very important because it tells us that the universe is..

Expanding outward

If the spectral lines from a star are shifted toward the red end of the spectrum, which of the following must be true?

the star is moving away from Earth

Why is it ok to say the spectral analysis of a gas is like a 'fingerprint'?

The spectrum of a specific gas is always the same and unique to that gas