Introduction to History and Philippine Historiography

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the introduction of history and historiography, including definitions and significant theories.

History

The record of past events and the study of the past, derived from the Greek word 'ISTOIA,' meaning 'learning.'

Historiography

The study of how history is written, interpreted, and recorded over time, examining methodologies and biases of historians.

Primary Sources

Documents or physical objects created during the time under study, providing first-hand testimony about the topic.

Secondary Sources

Sources that interpret and analyze primary sources, one or more steps removed from the event.

Historical Bias

The tendency of a writer or creator of a source to be slanted towards or against something due to their context, creating unbalanced narratives.

Nationalism (Historical Bias)

A bias favoring one's own nation, often exaggerating achievements while downplaying failures.

Eurocentrism (Historical Bias)

A worldview centered on European culture and history, often excluding or marginalizing other cultures.

Gender Bias (Historical Bias)

The undervaluing or ignoring of women's contributions to history, leading to a distorted view of past societies.

Material Concept of History (Karl Marx)

The theory that a society's economic base determines its social, political, and intellectual structures.

Total History (Fernand Braudel)

An approach integrating all aspects of man’s past, examining circumstances underlying political, economic, and cultural events.