Forensic Final Exam - 3 exams

Which of the following is not true of SNP

SNP change length of PCR fragment on a gel

Mendel principle of independent assortment

If a sperm or egg gets one pair of alleles during meiosis, it does not affect which alleles either genes get

What is the decay process?

Fresh, bloat, putrefaction, putrid dry remains

Bodies decay the fastest when

Body is exposed above ground

PCR requires what

DNTP, primers, DNA polymerase

PCR does not require

NaCl

Amelogenin test determines what

Sex

Women`s mitochondiral DNA comes from who

Mom

Autolysis

Process by which cells digest themselves

STR (SSR) does not use

Restriction enzyme to generate different fragment length

What is meant by alleles in a linkage disequilibrium

They tend to be inherited together non randomly

Strong air or current can promote

Mummification

What factors slow the rate of body decay

Adipocere formation, desiccation, temps below 0 degree celsius

Which tissues are of the last to decay

Uterus

What is not a requirement of a good forensic test

DNA

Rigor mortis occurs because ________.

An increase in intracellular calcium ion conc after death

What is the half life of carbon-14

5730 years

Strontium ion ratio in molars reflects

Environment in which the person grew up

What are the 4 DNA bases?

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

Involuntary muscles may exhibit

Rigor mortis

After death the body is drawn into a certain position as a consequence of

Contraction of powerful muscles

Wounds do not bleed profusely after death because

Blood pressure drops

Adipocere is made up of

A mix of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

A buried body decays more slowly than an exposed body because

A buried body experiences lower temps

Do red blood cells contain DNA

No

Women and men have

23 chromosome pairs with 1 of them being sex chromosomes

Cadaver dog is least helpful in what conditions

Desert condtions

If a person found dead is 69 years old what is most useful-in determining their age

Bomb curve

Fast, cheap, portable DNA sequencing , but not very accurate

Nanopore 4th generation sequencing

RT qPCR (reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR)

- uses reverse transcriptase

- is used to measure level of gene expression

- requires amplification of internal control gene

Y-linked STR least helpful in case of

2 sons murdering their father

Which of the following is least likely to be useful to determine , when DNA is not available in data base

Criminal tendencies

Amylase testing does not

Determine how much saliva is present in accurate precision

You can match a bullet to firearm regardless if barrel is rifled or smooth

True

Larger bullet does not mean it has more kinetic energy than a smaller one

True

Blast wave causes

Serious injures to those who are close to the explosion

Can ninhydrin reactive test be used as a presumptive test for blood

No

What are the presumptive tests used to detect blood

Luminol

Infra red imaging

Kastle myer test

What is the shape of blood droplet in free flight

Spherical

FT-IR imaging is not used to

Collect blood samples

What can be used to collect blood samples

Tape lifting

Scraping

Swabbing

Phadebas paper

Presumptive test used to detect presence of saliva

Does ejaculate found at scene of crime mean that the man was engaged in sexual behavior at the time of his death

No

Semen does not always contain spermatozoa

True

You can extract DNA from spermatozoa regardless if they lost their tail

True

What provides the best estimate of PMI

Increase in K+ ion concentration in virtuous humor

Transfer blood stains example

Blood smears on a tap that has been grasped by someone with bloody hands

What are the 3 types of finger print patterns

Whorls, loops (most common ) , arches

Between childhood and adulthood , our fingerprint ridges

Grow further apart

What are some indicators of whether an wound occurred before or after death

=indication of movement such as a crooked incision

= biochemical signs of wound healing

= inflammation reaction markers

Sine of angle=

Width of stain / length of stain

Tattoos may indicate gang membership

True

All head and body hair is either in the

Growing or resting phase

Do nails accumulate drugs

Yes

Do nails grow after death?

No

Do nails accumulate opioids

Yes

Retinal scanning

Involves shining a low intensity infrared light through the eye

How to determine the age of a dead body

Distribution of epiphyseal plate closures

Digging and unearthing dome femur bones .....

Answer is none of the above

adult teeth include

8 incisors

4 canines

8 premolars

12 molars

Carabelli's trait

Found on molar of adult caucasians

Superglue vapors

Used to render latent finger prints visible

Christmas tree test

Detects Presence of semen

Indirect burn damage caused by

Steam buildup in the body

Burns inflicted during abuse are usually

Bilateral

What test is used to determine whether blood found is human or nonhuman

Precipitin test

Smooth edge circular blood stain means

Blood fell passively on the floor

Will you find defensive wounds on a suicide case

No

if blood aggulates with anti-A serum and anti-B the blood type but not with anti rh , then the blood type is

AB-

A mothers antibodies will attack fetal blood cells during second pregnancy if

Mom is Rh (-)

Baby is Rh (+)

Line of small tear drop blood stain on a wall indicates

The direction of tail indicates the direction of force that generated them

Large intestine does not regulate

Blood glucose

Thick skin contains as many or more sensory receptors for touch than thin skin does

True

What percent of blood loss volume is fatal

40%

How many L of blood do adults have?

5L

Change of bruise color is not an accurate way to to tell how long ago injury occurred

True

No suspension peak or finger nail scratching on a person found hanging indicates that

The victim was strangled while unconscious and then hung by murderer

Which of the following will cause the least amount of tissue damage

Full metal jacket from handgun

Contact wound causes

Skin ballooning and skin splits because of hot gasses

What is the pH of urine

6.2

When there i a dead unidentified body found , and there is a dental record of someone who may be a possible match, under what condition may the body be excluded

Absence of 3 gold caps who are included in the dental chart but are not present on the body

Which of the following is not a function of blood

Production of oxygen

Yawing

Rotation of a bullet back and forth

Full metal jacket

Rigid casing that prevents bullet deformation

Blowfly is least likely to lay eggs where

On hair

Which species of bugs are first to colonize a newly deceased body

Blowflies

Which species are last to exploit dead remains

Moths

Blowflies lay

Eggs

Flesh flies lay

First instar larva

Phorid fly chacteristic

Humped profile

Myiasis

Infection of living people or animals with dipterian larva

How many instar stages are there

3

Caprophillic invertebrate are most likely to be found when

There is a serious abdominal wound resulting in the intestines being exposed

What is the most commonly used technique for investigating molecular taxonomy of blowfly

Sequencing protein mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1

What are the morphological features used to identify blowfly maggots

- shape of anterior spiracles

- shape of cephaloskleton

-shape of posterior spiracles

What morphilogical features are not used to identify blowfly maggots

Ptilinal suture

Medial evidence says that a victim has been dead for 12 hours , invertebrate evidence says that the victim has been dead for 32 hours , why is that

The victim was wounded at least 20hours before they died , and the wounds became infected

Its best to collect maggots

At random and then pool the collection so there is a representative sample

Ptilinum

Inflatable bag structure that is used once in a blow flies lie

Blow flies will be found on a buried corpse if

The body was exposed 24 hours or more before it was buried