Perio 2 FINAL

soft

bristle stiffness that cleans further interproximal and further subgingival

modified bass

burshing technique, 45 degree angle to long axis, gentle circular motions, sweep bristle toward occlusal edge, MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD

subjective

Interviewing the patient – patient’s point of view

objective

Examining the patient, Vital signs, all exam findings, ie head and neck,

intra-oral, dentition, oral hygiene, pathology, caries, periodontal etc.

assessment

the problem list, diagnoses from the Subjective and Objective data.

plan/procedure

Today’s treatment and plan for further tests, surgery, education, management.

mirror, explorer, probe

basic exam instruments

retraction, indirect vision, indirect illumintation, transillumination

dental mirror uses

explorer

used to detect tooth characterristics, calculus, caries, grooves, fractures, furcations ect.

Pigtail/ cowhorn explorer

used for calculus detection in normal sulci or shallow pockets

11/12-type explorer

calculus detection i n shallow to deep pockets and furcations

multiple overlapping strokes

assessmentt stroke with EXPLORER

Nabers

curved for furcation measurement

UNC15

All mm 1 to 15

Michigan

Marks at 3, 6, 8mm

sulcus depth, recession, BOP, lesion measure, calculus detection, sounding for bone

funcitions of periodontal probe

walking stroke

assessment stroke with PERIO PROBE

probing depth, recession

attachmentt equals ____ plus _____

recession

distance from GM to CEJ

class I

furrcation concavity can be felt with probe tip but not entered

class II

Probe is able to enter furcation but not pass through

class III

probe passes completly through furcation

class IV

probe passes through furcation and is visible

class I

slightly more mobility than normal

class II

moderately more mobility than normal

class III

severe faciolingual/mesiodisttal mobility combined witth veretical movement

debridement

Instrumentation of crown and root surfaces to remove deposits

scaling

calculus removal strokee using scalers or curettes

root planing

smoothing the root to remove infected and necrotic tooth substance

exploratory stroke

Using a scaling instrument to explore for calculus.

Light grasp

lateral

stroke activation occurs with ____ movement of the wrist and forearm.

pull

working stroke for scaling is a ____ stroke

root planing

Strokes are more numerous and lighter than the scaling stroke

as close as possible

intraoral fulcrum should be ____ to the working area

sickle scalers

Designed for supragingival surfaces due to pointed tip

sickle

Primarily used for removal of medium to large supragingival calculus and calculus just below contact

parallel

in POSTERIOR working end should be ____ to the long axis

across

in ANTERIOR working end should be ____ the long axis

8

sittting position forr ANTERIOR surfaces TOWARD

12

sitting position forr ANTERIOR surfaces AWAY

sickles

excellent for calculus removal on proximal of anteriror and enamel apical to contact posterior, not reccommened for root surfaces

universal curette

supra or sub gingival small-med calculus throughout the mouth

columbia 13/14

universal curette for ANTERIOR teeth and premolars

4R/4L

larger universal curette designed for MOALRS

mccall 17/18

universal curette designed for use on 2nd and 3rd

molars. Good for line angles and buccal, lingual surfaces

70-80

angualation of sickle and universal curette towards the tooth for activation

oblique/horizontal

______ stroke is used for buccal/ lingual surfaces

vertical

_______ stroke used for mesial and distal surfaces

gracey curette

Designed for use on certain teeth and certain surfaces, one cutting edge per working end

1/2 and 3/4

GRACEY for Anterior teeth: all tooth surfaces

7/8

GRACEY for posterior teeth: buccal and lingual surfaces

11/12

GRACEY for posterior teeth MESIAL surfaces

13/14

GRACEY for posterior teeth DISTAL surfaces

70

gracey curette is angled ___ degrees

lower

GRACEY _____ edge is the working cutting edge

closed

scaler should be inserted into sulcus with blade ____

2

how many gracey are needed to instrumentt POSTERIOR teeth?

mini

smaller blade (shorter working end) for narrow pockets and longer lower shank for

deeper pockets

anatomic crown

area above the cementoenamel junction (CEJ)

anatomic root

component of the tooth apical to the cementoenamel junction that is covered with cementum

clinical crown

portion of tooth visibly present in oral cavity

clinical root

portion of tooth structure not visible in the mouth

max first premolars and mandibular molars

teeth that have 2 ROOTS

max molars

teeth with 3 ROOTS

root trunk

undivided region of root complex

root cone

divided portion of root complex

furcation

area beteween individual root cones

furcation fornix

roof of furcation

degree of separation

angle of separtation between two roots

divergence

distance between two roots

co-efficient of separation

length of root cones in relation to the length of root complex

passive eruption

Increasing length of the clinical crown seen with aging and in the absence of clinical evidence of inflammation

1

stage of passive eruption: The most apical limit of the epithelial

attachment is at the cementoenamel junction

2

stage of passsive eruption: the most apical limit of the attachment is on the cementum, with the base of the gingival sulcus still on the enamel surface

3

stage of passive eruption: The most apical limit of the epithelial attachment is on the cementum, with the base of the sulcus at the cementoenamel junction

4

stage of passive eruption: Both the base of the sulcus and the epithelial attachment are on the surface of the cementum

palatal

interproximal furcation in the MAXILLARY molars are toward the ___ aspect

palatal

mesial and distal furcation measurement of MAXILLARY molars should be approached from the ____

MB roots

where are MAXILLARY FISRT molar ROOT CONCAVITIES found usually

palatal root, between M and D roots, mesial and distal surfaces

root trunk concavities on MAXILLARY FIRST molars can be found on

furcation to cervical line, mesial root, distal root

where are MANDIBULAR first molars root concavitties

mesial and distal

fucation of maxillary FIRST PREMOLAR can be accessesed from ___

mesial

develomental groove is found on the _____ of crown and root trunk of maxillary first premolars

proximal

single rooted teeth many have ___ root concavities

palatal

lateral incisors may have a ____ groove on the cingulum

mini gracey, hirschfeld files, diamond files

What kits can be checked out for specific instrumentation needs?

shorter and thinner working end, 3mm longer lower shank

What is different between a mini-gracey and a regular gracey

larger

Is it better to have a smaller or larger degree of separation or roots?

long

is it better to have a long or short root trunk?

tip vibrations

how do ultrasonic scalers fracture calculus from tooth and clean pocket

elliptical or linear movements

what determines the number of working ends on a ultrasonic scaler

longer more powerful strokes

higher power on ultrasonic scaler means

cool and flush debris

function of water in ultrasonic scaler

Acoustic streaming

unidirectional fluid flow caused by ultrasound waves

Acoustic turbulence

movement of ultrasonic tip causes coolant to accelerate, producing a swirling effect

Cavitation

formation of bubbles in the water causes by the turbulence – bubbles implode and cause further shock waves

microflora

combination of ultarsonics acoustic streaming, acoustic turbulence, and cavilation has shown to disrupt ____

efficiency, plaque removal, furcation access, less tissue deistension, deep pocket penetration, less strain

ADVANTAGES of POWERED INSTRUMENTS

aerosols, reduced tacile sensitivity, noise

DISADVANTAGES of POWERED instruments

HVE and pre-procedural rinsing

how to reduce AEROSOLS with powered instrumenting