G.I. APA Formating

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Last updated 1:30 AM on 4/9/26
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13 Terms

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How should line-spacing look?

Double spaced with no additional space between paragraphs

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Font

Times New Roman, 12 pt font

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Margins

Default (1”)

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Headings

Major headings are centred and subheadings are aligned to the left

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Page Number

Aligned right

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Order of Major Sections

  1. Title

  2. Abstract

  3. Introduction

  4. Methods

  5. Results

  6. Discussion

  7. References

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Abstract

The summary of your experiment, found at the start of a scientific paper. Should include the:

  • Hypothesis, the study system -this includes sample size(n=), numbers of replicates (3), how was disturbance quantified?, etc

  • The results & their interpretation, “Mean increase in absorbance increased significantly with increased % detergent….”

  • Concluding remarks on the outcome.major findings, and whether the hypothesis was supported or not.

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Introduction

  • arranged with a logical flow from general/broad to most specific (studies centered around the hypothesis being tested).

  • gives a background on the topic and other studies performed related to that topic.

  • it first introduces the topic being studied, the science behind it (first 1 paragraph)

  • then - other studies done in the topic area. * (~1-2 paragraphs)

  • followed by the study/study system at hand, the hypothesis being tested along with its rationale (MECHANISM), and its relevance/importance. (~1-2 paragraphs)

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Methods

  • This section thoroughly explains the steps of the experiment, what materials were used, and how it was conducted.

  • Written in past tense; avoid listing items used

  • Describe how data are to be summarized and presented

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Results

  • Describe the biological trend in your data

  • Do not explain findings here - those are for the discussion

  • Include graphs with figure captions

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Discussion

  • Your discussion is arranged from specific to general (i.e. the opposite order of your Introduction).

  • State your conclusion regarding your hypothesis based on your results and support your ideas with literature. BE CAREFUL! DO NOT LIST DATA! You mentioned data and data points in your results. Discussion is for discussion

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References

  • Alphabetical order

  • Keep order of authors names

  • Hanging indent

Author Last Name, First Initial. (Year). Title. Journal Name in Italics, number

Hyperlink

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Figure Caption

  • Below the image

  • Include all necessary details