Jay Martin Theology Final

Four-Source Hypothesis

Literary-Historical criticism and redaction criticism

Four-Source Hypothesis (Arguments for Markan Priority)

1. Patterns of agreement

2. The Sequence of Narrative

3. Characteristics of the Changes

4. The Q source

5. The M and L Sources

The Methodological Significance of the Four-Source Hypothesis

from the insights gained by literary-historical and redaction criticism, we can understand how the synoptic gospel writers altered their source material; "we can assume that his changes tell us something about his own theology or interests" (Ehrman)

The Synoptic Problem

"The problem of how to explain the wide-ranging agreements and disagreements among these three Gospels" (Ehrman)

Synoptic v. Johannine Gospels

...

Meaning of Synoptic

synoptic - "seen together"

Arguments for Markan Priority

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Mysteries of the Rosary

Joyful

Luminous

Sorrowful

Glorious

Joyful Mysteries

Annunciation

Visitation of Mary

Nativity

Presentation of Jesus at the Temple

Finding Jesus at the Temple

Main Outline of the Life of Jesus (according to Mark)

1. Prologue: Events preceding the ministry of Jesus

2. The early stages of the Galilean ministry.

3. The later stages of the Galilean ministry.

4. The ministry outside Galilee.

5. The journey to Jerusalem.

6. The ministry in Jerusalem.

7. The death of Christ.

8. The resurrection.

9. Epilogue: The disputed ending.

Characteristic of Early Stages of Galilean ministry

Jesus healing many people, etc.

Characteristic of Later Stages of Galilean ministry.

problems with the religious leaders, the use of parables, etc.

Characteristic of Ministry outside Galilee

Jesus walks on water, etc.

Characteristic of Journey to Jerusalem

Jesus foretells his death (3 times)

Characteristic of Ministry in Jerusalem

Jesus is questioned, etc.

Characteristics of the Death of Christ

Last Supper, Peter's denial, Jesus' arrest, Crucifixion, Burial

Resurrection

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Gospel of John --> date of composition

Gospel of John --> purpose of book

Gospel of John --> Johannine anonymity

Gospel of John --> Relation to synoptic gospels & exclusively Johannine material

Gospel of John --> prologue: 'word/logos'

Gospel of John --> Wedding at Cana

Gospel of John- "I AM" Statements (and OT references)

Gospel of John --> John on the Holy Spirit

The passion of the Lord

The Acts of the Apostles --> motto of the congregation of Holy Cross

Ave Crux, Spes Unica

The Acts of the Apostles --> title and authorship

Title: The Acts of the Apostles

Author: Luke

The Acts of the Apostles --> "Doing and teaching"

The range of Jesus's life and ministry

Luke, importance of Christ teaching, acting, and secondarily his identity which continues in apostolic ministry and community of the church in Acts

The Acts of the Apostles -->

....

St. Paul & the Epistles --> Identity, background of Paul

Born in Tarsus around AD 10 as a Roman citizen, originally named "Saul" prior to his conversion

Well-educated

Used to be Pharisee and a strictly observant Jewish party

Conversion around AD 34

Wrote some of earliest texts in the New Testament

Vital for developing Christian theology and vocab

St. Paul & the Epistles --> Status of Jews in the Roman Empire

Rome as religion haven, of a sort; religion pluralism in the service of the empire and subjugation to the civic cult

At least as early as Julius Caesar, Jews in Rome were granted certain protections and rights, especially judicial rights

The status of slavery

Claudius enacted a series of expulsions of Jews and Christians from Rome due to disorderly conduct likely resulting from clashes with Christians

Edict of claudius (extended jews rights)

Paul's assertion of citizenship

St. Paul & the Epistles --> audience

To these Jews and Christians that Paul is writing

St. Paul & the Epistles --> Theological themes of Romans

Human guilt

God's righteousness

Justification through Christ in faith

The hope of resurrection

St. Paul & the Epistles --> Theological themes of Philippians 2

Same mind as Christ Jesus

Kenosis: self-emptying

St. Paul & the Epistles -->

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The Letter to the Hebrews

Genre: apocalyptic (revelation)

Date of composition: don't know when it was written

-Written between 81 & 96 CE - reign of Domitian or earlier

-OR 54-68 CE - persecutions of Christians by Nero

Authorship: text of revelation give the name of author as: "John"

John a prophet

The Letter to the Hebrews --> The retrieval and use of Melchizedek

Textual characteristics

The Letter to the Hebrews -->

...

"Revelation" v "Revelations"

FALSE

Book of Revelation Authorship

John the Evangelist

Reasons to think it's not him

-John identifies himself

Main editor: disciple of John

-People believe

Book of Revelation date and historical context of composition

81-96 CE(reign of Domitian) or possibly earlier, during the persecution of Christianity by Nero (54-68 CE)

Book of Revelation --> Apocalyptic as genre, resistance literature

Genre of revelatory literature with a narrative framework in which a revelation is mediated by an otherworldly being to human recipient, disclosing a transcendent reality which is both temporal, insofar as it... supernatural world

First century audience

Coded type of writing

Book of Revelation --> Logic and economy of imagery/symbols

Imagery:

secret/hidden books

Dualism in good/dark and evil/light

Presence of heavenly interpreter/angel

Drawn from Canaanite and Babylonian culture

History and its end (themes)

Book of Revelation --> Use of Hebrew prophets

Summary, synthesis, recapitulation of the whole of God's prophetic word

Book of Revelation --> ...