ENGL 100: All terms

Content

Material within the work

Academic Content

Ideas, claims, thesis, conclusions, research materials, developed ideas and explanations

Literary Content

Story, character, plot, language and story-experience

Content primary qualities

Individualization to perspective; the work’s focus to central point of analysis;

Craft

How a piece of work is shaped and structured

3 types of structure

Overall, Units and chapters, sentence structure

Technique

Writing and organizing sentences

Literary technique

Communicating the story and plot

Academic technique

Analysis of the work

Primary quality of craft

Skillfullness

Communication

How material is shared with the reader; such as, word usage, relationships with other elements, flow, phrasing and connection

Literary Communication

Creating a theme in the story

Academic communication

The conclusion or peak argument

Primary quality of communication

Clarity of the work

Sculpture method

Gather lots of material and create something with it

Architecture method

Planning and organizing the work from the beginning

Analysis

Taking things apart and investigating

Synthesis

Putting different things together

Denotation

Dictionary definition

Connotation

What a noun or term can suggest or evoke in a reader

Primary element of craft

Gives shape to the work, paragraphs and sentences throughout academic and literary styles

Topic sentence

Main idea

Claim

Statement of idea or point of focus

Introductory list

List of ideas of points of analysis. Ex) Several ways…

Peak argument

Most important point being made within a work; always found at the end and triggers a conclusion

Cause and effect

Event A happens and results in Event B (actions and reactions)

Academic Cause and Effect

Investigate and identify what happens next

Literary Cause and Effect

Choices made by characters and how it effects other characters or the plot; helps move the story forward

Personal writing

First person, subjective and often comes from personal experience

Objective writing (Academic style)

Considered and analysed. Intellectual, detached and thoughtful

Intentional journey of transformation

Character has need/goal. Usually moves the plot

Emotional Journey of transformation

Grows or changes emotional state

Experiential Journey of transformation

Moves from an individual aspect of knowledge about one self or aspect of one self. (Learning about death as a child)

Contextual Journey of transformation

Involves external circumstances moving/changing and a new understanding of the world (As an adult, finding out how expensive a funeral can cost.)

Subject

Doer of the action (Pronouns, nouns, infinitives and gerunds)

Object

Done to / receiver of the action

Verbs

The action being done

Qualifier

Adverb: Modifies the verb and adds tone

Adjective: Modifies the noun

Compound subject

Multiple nouns as one subject and can be as many as three nouns (usually no more)

Process

Outline from beginning to end or describes a sequence

Academic process

Describes the sequence

Literary process

Plot; identifying what happens to a character or their changes

Fragments

Sentences without a subject or verb, add or connect to other material

Comma splices

Two complete thoughts (Independent sentences) wrongly connected

Run-ons

On going sentence

Wordiness

Over-writing, telling us twice

Non-fiction

Events that actually took place in history

Non-fiction documentary

Personal experience collected by a writer through interviews and surveys

Non-fiction commentary

Added layer of context

Non-fiction memoir

Author tells their own life story or a component of it

Non-fiction biography

Someone else writes about another person; 2nd perspective

Common feature in non-fiction

Dynamic growth of the character. Often a change in reality, others or self

Continuum of truth

What the story is (content, theme and characters)

Continuum of voice

How the story is told (style, language and point-of-view)

Documentary

Factual, formal, impersonal and distant

Commentary

Contextual, analytical, considered and insightful (A level of personal but still detached)

Memoir

Emotional and personal; often informal, personal and intimate

Narrative voice

Includes elements of continuum of truth and voice

Compare and contrast

Compare two or more ideas to discover similarities and differences (qualities, not value statements)

Academic compare and contrast

Comparing different types of apples

Literary compare and contrast

How do different types of genres compare and contrast

Rule of 3

Groupings of 3 ideas, examples or phrases (provides a sense of completeness)

Parallelism

Patterns of structure and phrasing

Structural parallelism

1. Object 1 and 2 both have characteristics of A, B and C

2. Characteristic A is in object 1 and 2; Characteristic B is in Object 1 and 2

Fiction

Is centred and built around the imagination and built around experience created by the plot

Fiction source of meaning

Is theme and stems from the actions from characters or events that are happening

Fiction source of story

Journey of transformation, BME, events and plot = Emerges from the characters, who push the plot forward

Fiction character

Person at the centre; usually embodies the story’s theme

Fiction character’s outer identity

Observable: Who, what and how

Fiction character’s inner identity

Why a character does or act how they do

Protagonist

Person whos JofT drives the plot and is the main focus of the story.

Antagonist

Acts in opposition to protagonist and creates change in protagonist (not automatically a bad guy); can be a thing, presence, or an idea. not always physical

Plot

Events and their arrangements, defined by JofT

Outer conflict

Situational versus individual. Personal can be direct or indirectly implied

Inner Conflict

Aspects of a person’s self; Inner self does not match outer self.

Classification

One thing is broken down into different types, like novels broken down by fiction and non-fiction characteristics. Large group of ideas and breaks it down in smaller categories and highlight characteristics.

Academic classification

Always seen; cancers’ qualities

Literary classification

Novel types and characteristics types

Classification structure

Category by category; P.A most significant characteristics of each category

Transition/ relationship elements

Word or phrase that creates a connection from one element to another and creates a sense of flow

Western drama theatre

Ancient greece origins and then crossed over to North America - Colonized aspects of theatre writing

Eastern Drama theatre

Verbatim: Things people actually said acted out

Devised: All people work together to make and create a play together.

Rules and boundaries (4Qualities of drama)

Characters pushing against boundaries, all physical, emotional and spiritually

Being in the room (4Qualities of drama)

Being in the same space as the characters being played.

Theatricalized Reality (4Qualities of drama)

Time, place: What is happening on stage and with the audience

Language: Type of style of language being used

Character conflict: Engages the audience

Dialogue (4Qualities of drama)

Everything is communicated with dialogue: identities, actions, story and transformation

Structured Stanza

Paragraphs, unit of images

Structured Rhythm

Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables

Structured Rhyme

End of the sentence rhymes

Blank verse

Follows specific rhythm (heart beat); doesn’t need to rhyme

Free-verse poem

Anything goes

Elegy

Poem about death (Physical, emotional, spiritual)

Ode

Celebration

Apostrophe poem

Speaker is addressing someone like the recipient is there and can respond

Pastoral

Humans relationship with nature

Ballad

Elements of plot, story and BME structureq

Prose

Grammatically correct poem (no stanzas, frags, enjambments)

Story technique

Sketching characters: outer identity (physical) versus inner identity (emotional)

Structural technique

Framing; bookending (story starts with a diff plot and ends with the conclusion of that plot, while the middle contains other stories); prologue; epilogue = all sets up characters and theme

Language technique

Past tense: Events have already taken place

Present tense: Events are currently happening