A&P252 UNC lab 4

Anatomy & physiology lab - UNC lab4 (appendicular skeleton)

Acromioclavicular joint

a fixed joint, where the acromial end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion process.

Coracoid process

muscle (coracobrachialis) attachment

Acromion

process where scapula articulates with acromial end of clavicle

Spine of Scapula

separates the infraspinous and supraspinous fossa

Supraspinous Fossa

posterior fossa that house rotator cuff muscles and stabilize glenohumeral joint in the shallow glenoid cavity - above spine of scapula

Infraspinous Fossa

posterior fossa that house rotator cuff muscles and stabilize glenohumeral joint in the shallow glenoid cavity- below spine of scapula

Subscapular Fossa

anterior fossa that house rotator cuff muscles and stabilize glenohumeral joint in the shallow glenoid cavity

Glenoid cavity

site of artculation with humerus

Head of Humerus

Greater Tubercle

GT-hint

found near the glenohumeral joint

Lesser Tubercle

intertubercular Groove

Anatomical Neck

at epiphyseal plate that separates the head of humerus from diaphysis

Surgical neck

narrower region much more commonly fractured

Glenohumeral joint

ball and socket joint, due to the shallowness of the glenoid cavity, this joint is unstable and has a wide range of motion

Trochlea

where the ulna lines up with

-Tro

Capitulum

Where the radius lines up with

-Cap

Olecranon Fossa

hold the olecranon process of the ulna and allows for full extension of the elbow joint

Medial Epicondyle

attachment point for most anterior forearm muscles(flexors)

-Me

Lateral Epicondyle

attachment point for most posterior forearm muscles(extensors)

-la

Humerus

Ulna

uh

lines up with the medical epicondyle and trochlea

Uh oh, Me-Tro

pinky side

Radius

Rad

lines up with the capitulum and lateral epicondyle

Rad Cap, Lad

interosseous membrane

facilitates pronation & supination at the proximal radioulnar joint

styloid process

coronoid process

also found in the mandible

Olecranon process

Humeroulnar joint

is a hinge joint capable of extension and flexion

found near humerus and ulnar + radius

Humeroradial joint

is a ball and socket joint but has limited rotation due to surroundings bones and interosseous membrane.

Can extend, flex, pronate, and supinate.

head of radius

Radioulnar joint

the proximal - is a pivot joint that allows the rotation of the radius, which result in pronation and supination

distal is a fixed joint

radial notch

smooth surface on the ulna where it articulates with the radius

radiocarpal joint

aka the wrist

is a condyloid joint, which allows abduction, adduction, flexion, and extension

scaphoid

carpal found in the proximal row from lateral to medial

Some

lunate

carpal found in the proximal row from lateral to medial

lovers

triquetrum

carpal found in the proximal row from lateral to medial

try

pisiform

carpal found in the proximal row from lateral to medial

positions

trapezium

carpal found in distal row from lateral to medial

that

trapezoid

carpal found in distal row from lateral to medial

they

capitate

carpal found in distal row from lateral to medial

cant

hamate

carpal found in distal row from lateral to medial

handle

hook or hamate - near pinky (metacarpal 5)

metacarpals

clap

metacarpophalangeal joints

between metacarpals and proximal phalanges

condyloid joint, which allows for abduction, adduction, extension, and flexion

distal interphalangeal joints

between distal and middle phalanges

hinge joint, which allows for the extension and flexion

Proximal/Intermediate/Distal Phalanges

pollex

anatomical name for the first digit of the hand, thumb

ilium

helps forms the coxa/hip bone, which contributes to the acetabulum

ischium

helps forms the coxa/hip bone, which contributes to the acetabulum

isch

pubis

helps forms the coxa/hip bone, which contributes to the acetabulum

p

acetabulum

the socket for the femur

pubic symphysis

fibrocartilaginous joint, where 2 hips bones connected anteriorly

iliac crest

superior crest of ilium

anterior superior iliac spine

noticeable bump on the lateral end of the ilium that serves as the attachment for the inguinal ligament

inguinal ligament

tough band stretching from the anterior superior iliac spine too the pubi

creates a protected passageway for the neurovascular structures, have one on each coxa

superior ramus

joints the ilium

inferior ramus

joins the ischium

obturator foramen

a large opening that is covered by connective tissue from which muscles attach, but allows for a small nerve and blood vessels to pass through

ischial tuberosity

rough patch on most inferior region of the pelvis and site of muscle attachment for hamstrings on the posterior thigh

ischial spine

protects posteriorly from the acetabulum

greater sciatic notch

large notch superior to the ischial spine and the passageway for the body’s largest nerve, the sciatic nerve

pelvic inlet

aperture formed by the superior ramus of pubis, ilium, and sacrum

larger and rounder in biological female - childbirth

pelvic outlet

broader outlet in biological females

head of femur

neck of femur

greater trochanter

lesser trochanter

LT - hint

medial condyle

lateral condyle

patellar surface

medial/lateral meniscus

articulates with femoral medial and lateral condyles

there is additional articular cartilage and menisci at the knee joint

tibial tuberosity

attachment site for patellar tendon from the thighs quadriceps muscles

head of fibula

tibia

fibula

femur

medial/ateral malleolus

surrounding the talus bone of the ankle to support the talocrural joint

talocrural joint

saddle joint between the tibia/fibula and talus bone

movements includes eversion, inversion, dorsiflexion, and planar flexion

proximal/intermediate/distal phalanx

metatarsophalangeal joint

between metatarsals and proximal phalanx

condyloid joint that allows these movements abduction, adduction, extension, flexion

proximal interphalangeal joint

between proximal and intermediate phalanx

hinge joints that allow extension and flexion

distal interphalangeal joint

between the distal and intermediate phalanx

hinge joints that allow extension and flexion

talus

calcaneus

attachment site of the calcaneal tendon

calcaneal tendon

navicular

cuboid

medial/intermediate lateral cuneiform

plantar fascia

strong ligament holding the tarsals in an arch (navicular, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform, cuboid)

sternoclavicular joint

a saddle joint, where the sternal end of clavicle articulates with the sternum

proximal interphalangeal joints

between proximal and middle phalanges

sacroiliac joints

fibrous joint, 2 hip bones are connected posteriorly to the sacrum

knee joint

is a hinge joint between the femur, tibia, and patella

allow extension of knee, which move leg forward

allow extension of knee, which move leg backwards

hallux

anatomical name for the first digit of the foot

hallucis

big toe region

pollicis

thumb region