Geometry - Chapter 2

conditional statement

if p, then q.

hypothesis

"if p"

conclusion

"then q"

negation

finding the opposite of the statement, statement p is "not p" (true statement = false, false statement = true)

converse

If q, then p.

inverse

If not p, then not q.

contrapositive

If not q, than not p.

biconditional statement

p if and only if q.

truth value

a conditional statement has a value of either true or false

truth table

shows truth value on table (check worksheet)

conjecture

unproven statement based on observations

inductive reasoning

founded by a pattern

deductive reasoning

founded by logic; facts, definitions, and properties (numbers)

counterexample

proof to show that a conjecture is false (statement, drawing, or numbers)

Law of Detachment

When "if p then q" is true and p is true.... q is true. EX. If it is January in NJ, then it is winter. It is January.

Law of Syllogism

If p-q and q-r are true statements... p-r is also a true statement