Male and Female Genital Systems

Comprehensive vocabulary terms and definitions covering the anatomy, measurements, and functions of the male and female reproductive systems based on lecture notes.

Penis

The male sexual organ which contains a urethra up to $18-20\,cm$ long.

Scrotum

A sac or pouch containing the Testis and Epididymis.

Ductus deferens (Vas Deferens)

A thick-walled muscular tube $45\,cm$ in length that transmits spermatozoa.

Seminal vesicle

Two lobated sacs situated between the rectum and bladder whose secretions form a part of semen fluid; they do not form a reservoir for spermatozoa.

Testis

The male gonad responsible for the development of spermatozoa, weighing $10-15\,gm$.

Prostate gland

An inverted cone-shaped accessory gland of the male reproductive system located below the neck of the urinary bladder.

Benign hypertrophy

A condition where the prostate gland is enlarged, occurring after $45$ to $50$ years.

Prostate atrophy

The reduction in size of the prostate gland.

Ovaries

The female gonads responsible for the formation of egg/ova, measuring about $3\,cm \times 1.5\,cm \times 1\,cm$.

Ovarian fossa

The specific location where the ovaries lie.

Ovarian blood supply

Provided by the ovarian arteries (from the abdominal aorta) and the ovarian branches of the uterine arteries (from the internal iliac artery).

Estrogens and Progesterone

Hormones targeted at the gonads, skin, muscles, and bones that stimulate female gender characteristics.

Uterine tubes (Fallopian tubes)

Paired muscular tubes $10\,cm$ long that serve as the site of fertilization and conduct ova to the uterus.

Parts of the Uterine tube

Comprised of the uterine part, isthmus, ampulla, and infundibulum with fimbriae.

Uterus (Womb)

A hollow, pear-shaped, thick-walled muscular organ in the pelvic cavity that functions to receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized egg.

Parts of the Uterus

Consists of the fundus, body, and cervix.

Cervix

The narrow lower part of the uterus that communicates with the uterine cavity at the upper end and the vagina at the lower end.

Vagina

A fibromuscular elastic tube extending from the lower part of the cervix to the external genitalia.

Female External Genitalia

Includes the labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris.