AP6 Science
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57 Terms
What is a metal reaction with oxygen called?
Oxidation.
What are the two reactants in a metal oxidation reaction?
A metal and oxygen.
What is produced when a metal reacts with oxygen?
A metal oxide.
Give the word equation for magnesium reacting with oxygen.
Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium Oxide.
What are signs that a chemical reaction has occurred?
Colour change, temperature change, gas produced, light produced, or a new substance formed.
What happens to magnesium when it burns in oxygen?
It burns with a bright white flame and forms magnesium oxide.
What is the reactivity series?
A list of metals arranged from most reactive to least reactive.
Which metal is more reactive: magnesium or copper?
Magnesium.
Which metal is less reactive: copper or potassium?
Copper.
What is the most reactive metal commonly studied in KS3?
Potassium.
What is one of the least reactive metals commonly studied in KS3?
Copper.
Why are highly reactive metals not found pure in nature?
They react easily with other substances.
Why is gold often found as pure metal?
Because it is very unreactive.
What happens to the speed of reaction as metal reactivity increases?
The reaction becomes faster and more vigorous.
Put these metals in order from most reactive to least reactive: Copper, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron.
Magnesium → Zinc → Iron → Copper.
What is combustion?
A chemical reaction in which a fuel burns in oxygen and releases energy.
Is combustion an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Exothermic.
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that releases energy to the surroundings.
What do fuels release when they burn?
Energy (heat and often light).
What are the products of complete combustion?
Carbon dioxide and water.
What is needed for complete combustion?
Plenty of oxygen.
What are the products of incomplete combustion?
Carbon monoxide and sometimes soot (carbon).
What causes incomplete combustion?
Not enough oxygen.
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
It is poisonous.
How does carbon monoxide affect the body?
It prevents oxygen being transported properly in the blood.
What is carbon monoxide?
A colourless, odourless poisonous gas.
What gas contributes to acid rain?
Sulfur dioxide (and nitrogen oxides).
How is acid rain formed?
Pollutant gases dissolve in rainwater, making it acidic.
Name two effects of acid rain.
Damages plants and aquatic life; erodes buildings and statues.
Complete the sentence: Complete combustion produces _____ and _____.
Carbon dioxide and water.
Complete the sentence: Incomplete combustion produces _____.
Carbon monoxide.
What is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion?
Complete combustion has enough oxygen; incomplete combustion does not.
Why is complete combustion preferred?
It releases more energy and does not produce poisonous carbon monoxide.
What are the two poles of a magnet?
North pole and South pole.
What happens when two north poles are brought together?
They repel.
What happens when a north pole and a south pole are brought together?
They attract.
Complete the sentence: Like poles _____.
Repel.
Complete the sentence: Opposite poles _____.
Attract.
What is a magnetic material?
A material that is attracted to a magnet.
Name three magnetic materials.
Iron, nickel and cobalt.
Name two non-magnetic materials.
Plastic and wood.
What is a temporary magnet?
A material that acts like a magnet only when near a magnet or in a magnetic field.
What is a magnetic field?
The area around a magnet where magnetic forces act.
How can iron filings be used with magnets?
To show the shape of the magnetic field.
Where is the magnetic field strongest around a bar magnet?
At the poles.
What is an electromagnet?
A magnet created by an electric current.
What three things are needed to make an electromagnet?
A coil of wire, an electric current, and an iron core.
Why is an iron core used in an electromagnet?
To make the magnet stronger.
What happens to an electromagnet when the current is switched off?
It stops being magnetic.
How can you make an electromagnet stronger?
Increase the current.
How can you make an electromagnet stronger without increasing the current?
Add more coils of wire.
What is the effect of more current on an electromagnet?
It becomes stronger.
What is the effect of more coils on an electromagnet?
It becomes stronger.
How can the strength of an electromagnet be measured in a school experiment?
By counting how many paper clips it can pick up.
What happens to magnetic field strength as distance from the magnet increases?
It becomes weaker.
Give one use of an electromagnet.
Scrap-yard cranes, electric bells, speakers, or relays.
Why are electromagnets useful?
They can be switched on and off.