RHS NEW DOOKIE

A parent refuses to have radiographs taken on his or her child. What should the dental assistant do?

Inform the dentist and document the parent's refusal

How can a person exposing x-rays best be protected from scattered radiation?

Standing behind a lead barrier

A white inverted V-shaped radiopacity on the bottom of a panoramic film is most likely caused by what?

Lead apron artifact

According to government guidelines

what is the yearly whole-body radiation dose limit for occupationally exposed workers?

What is a disadvantage of the bisecting angle technique compared to the paralleling technique?

Image distortion

Contrast in a radiograph is primarily controlled by what?

kVp

How can a dental assistant help desensitize the tissue before image receptor placement?

Rub a finger along the tissue where the image receptor touches

What is the most important responsibility of the dental assistant in dental radiography?

Implementing the ALARA principle

Which error occurs when the vertical angulation is incorrect?

Elongation

What should be used to prevent cross contamination from exposure buttons?

Plastic barrier

When taking a panoramic radiograph

how should the patient's head be oriented?

What is the measurement of force that relates to the potential difference between two electrical charges?

Voltage

What is a cephalometric radiograph primarily used to evaluate?

Lateral jaw development

If there are no landmarks to serve as guides

which landmark indicates a maxillary molar area radiograph?

After a patient has been dismissed

what type of disinfectant should be used on contaminated dental unit surfaces and counter tops?

According to what should chemical agents be properly disposed of?

Federal

What condition can mimic caries on an intraoral radiograph?

Root resorption

Radiation injury can be measured by what?

Dose rate

Before exposing radiographs on a minor

what should the dental assistant obtain?

Which extraoral radiograph is used to evaluate impacted teeth

large lesions

When changing from E-speed film to F-speed film

what determines the intensity of the beam?

After removing a protective barrier following exposure of radiographs

what should be done to the surface beneath the barrier?

Compared to radiopaque structures

how do radiolucent structures appear on a radiograph?

What measures the amount of radiation that reaches the surface of the skin?

Dose rate

How often should fixer solution be changed in an oral healthcare setting?

When visibly soiled

What direction does the Buccal Object Rule help determine for a foreign body?

Lingual to buccal

On which radiograph is the median palatal suture visible?

Maxillary anterior periapical

Which effect of radiation may be associated with leukemia?

Somatic

Radiation injury results from what?

Exposure

What panoramic appearance results when the patient's chin is tipped downward?

Exaggerated smile

Which organization regulates disinfectants and chemical sterilants?

EPA

When documenting a lesion found on a radiograph

what should NOT be described?

How does the anterior alveolar crest normally appear on a radiograph?

Pointed and sharp

Atoms that have lost electrons are referred to as what?

Ions

Before exposing a panoramic radiograph

which item does NOT need to be removed?

Bitewing images are usually used to do what?

Detect caries

Cephalometric radiographs are primarily indicated to evaluate what?

Jaw relationships

Compared with x-rays produced by a 70 kV dental x-ray machine

x-rays produced by a 90 kV machine are what?

Contrast on a dental radiograph can be altered by changing what?

Kilovoltage

Density of a radiograph is controlled by all of the following EXCEPT what?

OID (object film distance)

What does filtration of the x-ray beam protect the patient by doing?

Eliminating weak wavelength x-rays from the x-ray beam

Foreshortening of the radiographic image when using the bisecting angle technique results from what?

Too much vertical angulation

Ideally

when should a lead apron be used?

If a dental assistant's radiation badge report indicates exposure to small amounts of radiation

what should be done first?

If all known radiation safety precautions are exercised

during what period can an operator who is pregnant safely expose radiographs?

If teeth appear foreshortened on the original radiograph

how should the vertical angulation be adjusted for the retake?

If there are no teeth to serve as guides

which landmark indicates a maxillary molar area radiograph?

Incorrect horizontal angulation directs the central beam where?

Through the contact areas of two adjacent teeth

Why is it necessary to have a filter in dental radiography?

Eliminate the less penetrating x-rays from the primary beam

What is CCD primarily made of in digital radiography?

Silicon

In which radiographic technique is the patient positioned in a device to support the chin?

Panoramic

Incorrect horizontal angulation of the primary beam produces what?

Overlapping of proximal surfaces

Millamperage controls what?

Heating of the cathode

Normally

how many bitewings are exposed on an edentulous patient?

Occlusal dental radiographs are used to do what?

Localize foreign bodies

Scatter radiation is what type of radiation?

Secondary radiation

Should exposure time change when radiographing an edentulous adult patient versus an adult patient with full dentition?

Yes

What is the ability of x-rays to remove electrons from an atom called?

Ionization

What is the area of sharp focus in panoramic radiography called?

Focal trough

What is the BEST radiograph to evaluate a suspected sublingual salivary duct obstruction?

Occlusal

What is the BEST way to control a severe salivary flow or gag reflex?

Apply topical anesthetic

The ideal focal spot of the x-ray tubehead should be what shape?

Rectangular

What indicates how the tubehead should be directed in relation to the bisected line?

PID

What is the benefit of the reduction in tubehead size in x-ray units?

Less scatter radiation

What is the harmful effect of x-radiation on human tissue?

Cumulative

What should the tubehead be turned toward when leaving radiation equipment?

Perpendicular wall

The focal spot sharpness distortion is caused by what shape of focal spot?

Very large

The major disadvantage of the bisecting angle technique is what?

Image distortion from unequal object-film length

The PID that is most effective in reducing scatter radiation is what?

Rectangular cone

What is the principal used in panoramic radiography?

Tomography

What is the purpose for using film-holding devices when taking intraoral radiographs?

Assist in correct film placement

What type of processing ability is the technician demonstrating by looking at the film?

Mesialang

What should the tubehead be directed at to obtain another distal film?

Distal toward the film

What law determines electron flow?

The principle of heating the current to an extremely high temperature to allow electrons to be given off

The time between exposure to x-rays and the appearance of radiation damage is called what?

Latent period

The lingual foramen in the anterior of the jaw lies part of the way on what?

Midline

To increase the penetrating quality of an x-ray beam

what should be increased?

According to CDC and ADA recommendations

what should NOT be done to minimize cross-contamination during radiography?

What radiograph is required for evaluation of the following technique?

Panoramic

Using the parallel technique for several vertical angulations

where should the opening of the PID be positioned?

What landmark marks the junction of the maxillary sinus and maxillary bone?

Inverted Y

What percent of the energy generated by collision of electrons at the target is converted to radiation?

1%

When taking a panoramic radiograph of an obese patient

what should exposure settings be?

When taking a panoramic radiograph

how should the patient's head be oriented?

Which occlusal radiograph is used to locate salivary stones?

Mandibular cross-sectional

Which method is considered MOST effective for handling and processing radiographs to prevent accidental contamination?

Cover with barrier envelopes

Which of the following is true of duplicating film?

Emulsion on one side only

Which conditions will result in a radiograph image that is too light?

Underdeveloping solution

Which imaging system uses a laser scanning stabilizer?

PSP

What is the major benefit of digital imaging?

Lower dose

Which of the following is responsible for filtration?

Lead diaphragm

What is required to run a digital x-ray sensor?

A digital survey may contain as many as 18 periapical films

Which film is equivalent to size two film but may be substituted in children?

Size one

Which material is MOST needed in the production of working radiographs?

Lead

Which radiograph is used to assess the patient's skeletal structure and profile?

Cephalometric

Which technique requires relatively precise collimation in positive and negative vertical angulation?

Bisecting angle technique (BAT)

What type of sensor is used in radiography as a receptor?

Sensor

X-ray exposure time should be increased if the patient is what?

Large adult

X-rays are made up of what?

Photons

According to federal regulations

the beam size should not exceed what number of inches at the patient's skin surface?