zoo lab 8 (vertebrate tissues + flour beetles)

4 principal tissue types

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

functions of epithelial tissue (3)

cover external and line internal surfaces, act as barrier, involved in secretion and absorption

functions of connective tissue (3)

bind, support, and protect body parts

functions of muscle tissue (2)

permits movement of whole organism, moves substances throughout organism

functions of nervous tissue (3)

initiate and transmit electrical impulses, store information, involved in communication and control

cells in epithelial tissues are _____ packed

tightly

simple squamous epithelium

single layer of flat cells

2 locations of simple squamous epithelium

alveoli, inner artery walls

simple cuboidal epithelium

single layer of cube-like cells

1 location of simple cuboidal epithelium

kidney tubules

simple columnar epithelium

single layer of tall cells

2 locations of simple cuboidal epithelium

inner walls of stomach and intestines

what types of epithelial layers are found where absorption and diffusion occur?

simple

stratified squamous epithelium

multiple layers of flat cells

1 location of stratified squamous epithelium

epidermis

what 4 things does epidermis/stratified squamous protect against?

abrasion, drying, impact, infection

can stratified tissues be composed of different cell types/shapes?

yes

3 types of connective tissue we are studying

bone, blood, adipose

what is the strongest connective tissue?

bone

3 functions of bone

stores calcium, produces red blood cells, attachment site for muscle

what is the common name for adipose tissue?

fat

function of adipose

store food/energy

these 2 tissue types have a finite number of cells

adipose, muscle

what is a key feature of adipose cells?

oil-filled vacuole

4 main living components of blood (common names)

red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma

technical name for red blood cells

erythrocytes

function of RBCs

carry oxygen

do RBCs have nuclei?

no

technical name for white blood cells

leukocytes

5 types of WBCs

monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils

monocyte function

phagocytosis

lymphocyte function

produce antibodies

2 eosinophil functions

allergic response, parasite defense

neutrophil function

phagocytosis

2 basophil functions

inflammatory and allergic response

technical name for platelets

thrombocytes

what are platelets?

cytoplasm fragments

function of platelets

involved in clotting

3 types of muscle tissue

smooth, cardiac, skeletal

is smooth muscle striated?

no

appearance of smooth muscle fibers

spindle-shaped, single nucleus

4 locations of smooth muscle

stomach, bladder, uterus, blood vessels

smooth muscle is under ______ control

involuntary

smooth muscle contractions are ____ and ______

slow, rhythmic

appearance of skeletal muscle fibers

long, unbranched, look multinucleated

is skeletal muscle striated?

yes

skeletal muscle is under ______ control

voluntary

location of skeletal muscle

attached to skeleton

is cardiac muscle striated?

yes

appearance of cardiac muscle fibers

striated with intercalated discs

location of cardiac muscle

heart

cardiac muscle is under ________ control

involuntary

cardiac muscle contractions are ____ and ______

steady, rhythmic

what are intercalated discs?

connection points that allow flow of electrical impulses

2 basic cell types in nervous tissue

neurons, glial cells

neurons are the _____ units of nervous tissue

functional

3 main parts of neuron

cell body, axon, dendrites

neuron cell body contains… (2)

nucleus, organelles

description and function of axon

long, sends electrical impulses away from cell body

description and function of dendrites

extensions near cell body that receive and transmit impulses

glial cells are _______ cells

nutritive

what are myofibrils?

thread-like organelles involved in contractions

holometabolous

undergoes complete metamorphosis

genus and species of flour beetles we studied

tribolium confusum

4 life stages of flour beetles

egg, larva, pupa, adult

another term for adult beetle stage

imago

lamellae description

concentric layers in bone

haversian canal description and function

tubes in bone, contain blood vessels and nerves

what are osteocytes?

bone-producing cells

canaliculi description

tiny canals in lamellae