US Political Participation: Key Terms & Definitions for Ch. 7

As compared to other democracies, how likely are Americans to contribute time and money to political and community organizations?

more likely

True or false: When the United States was founded, all white men were given the right to vote.

False

Which of the following arguments drew large support for passing the Twenty-Sixth Amendment, granting eighteen-year-olds the right to vote?

Since eighteen-year-olds were eligible for the military, they should also be able to vote.

n the United States, the voter turnout rate in presidential elections tends to hover around ______ percent.

60

Which of the following voting restrictions increases the burden on citizens who move frequently?

voter registration requirements

Which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources?

volunteering in a political campaign

demonstrating for political causes

Although many people believe it is insignificant, which of the following may result if IDs are not required for voting?

increased fraud

Suffrage is the right to

Vote

Which of the following results from a high frequency of elections, such as having primary, general, and referenda elections?

voter fatigue

Which amendment to the Constitution granted women the right to vote in the United States?

the Nineteenth Amendment

The degree to which education level and income are so closely tied to voter participating in the United States is ______ when compared to European countries.

unusual

The proportion of eligible adult citizens who actually vote in a given election is known as Blank______.

voter turnout

Which of the following is a primary reason for low voter-turnout rates among young adults?

They change addresses frequently and need to re-register.

True or false: Voter turnout increases about 5 percent in states that allow same-day registration.

True

People who believe that citizens ought to participate in political affairs are likely to describe voting as an exercise in ______.

civic duty

Opponents of voter ID laws tend to be ______.

Democrats

What role does party loyalty play in voting?

Party loyalty heightens interest in voting.

Which of the following factors are said to adversely affect voter turnout in the United States?

voter registration laws

frequent elections

Compared to citizens in Europe, Americans are ______ likely to contribute time and money to political campaigns.

More

Which partly explains why Europeans with less education and income vote at higher rates in their countries than their American counterparts?

Americans face more voter registration requirements.

In what area has virtual participation been a tangible asset for political campaigns?

small-donor fundraising

Senior citizens in the United States have a ______ rate of voter turnout than voters under the age of 30 do.

much higher

Harvard's Robert Putnam refers to the sum of face-to-face civic interactions among citizens in a society as _________.

social capital

Which of the following refers to a total lack of interest, such as a total lack of interest in politics?

apathy

Unlike participation through interest groups or political parties, participation in political movements ___________.

takes place largely outside established institutions

What party has the lowest voting rates?

Independents

Which of the following lawmakers were the original targets of the Tea Party movement?

lawmakers who supported federal spending and higher taxes

More people in the United States participate in election campaigns than people in other countries do because _________.

the United States has more elected posts than other countries do

The Occupy Wall Street movement was aimed predominantly at which issue?

income inequality

How do Americans participate virtually in politics?

by using resources and joining discussions on social media

The Black Lives Matter movement has sought, primarily, to highlight _________.

disparities in local officials' treatment of Black and white citizens

Why is participation in local organizations twice as high in the United States as it is in Europe?

Americans have an incentive to participate because there is more local control over policy in the United States than in Europe.

Americans are more likely to attend church and engage in church-related community work.

What protest movement of the modern era has had the most lasting effect?

Black civil rights

The Tea Party movement did not support what policies?

increased federal spending

higher taxes

The #MeToo movement's larger goal was to

raise awareness of sexual misconduct

The Occupy Wall Street movement, which began in 2011, was inspired by anger at the __________.

government bailout of the financial industry during the financial crisis of 2008

The movement against gun violence had a relatively low profile until the mass killing at ___________.

Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School

What sparked the Black Lives Matter movement?

the killing of unarmed young black men by police officers

To date, what is the most successful of the recent political movements?

the Tea Party movement

Harvard's Robert Putnam refers to the sum of face-to-face civic interactions among citizens in a society as

social capital

Generally, protests ______ have not been popular in the United States.

against U.S. military action

Unlike participation through interest groups or political parties, participation in political movements

takes place largely outside established institutions

Which group of Americans have the highest level of voter participation?

highest 20 percent of income earners

True or false: The #MeToo movement did not have much of an impact on the people whose behavior it was targeting.

True

Who led the impassioned plea for tougher gun control measures after the Parkland shooting?

Parkland students

For a movement to succeed, it must

institutionalize its goals

Which statement best describes the prevalent view of the public concerning protest activists in the United States?

Protest activity should be tolerated.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between income and political participation in the United States?

Higher-income citizens are the most active because they have the resources to participate effectively.

The social media hashtag #MeToo was intended to

show the extent to which women are subject to sexual assault and harassment