Normal speech language final

• shifting sources of language input

• metalinguistic competence

• not product focused

process focused

what three areas of language change in school age language development

• syntax

• pragmatics

• semantics

plays a large role in phonological, semantical, and pragmatic development and builds lexical knowledge

written language

Why does language become individualized

• reading level

• interest, types of books, and reading overall

• vocabulary exposure

what two aspects of language have a symbolic relationship

oral and written ~ oral first

what things does reading require

• understand what grapheme makes what phoneme

• print knowledge and phonological awareness

• movement through predictable developmental stages

birth to formal education, critical for oral language, print awareness, and phonological awareness

Pre-reading stages

the five stages of reading in order

1. Initial reading/decoding

2. confirmation, becomes more confident

3. reading to learn, gain info- adult level

4. Multiple viewpoints

5. Construction and reconstruction

Part of the brain in the frontal lobe, helps understand and produce oral language

Phonological Processor

Part of language in the parietal lobe, helps associate sound with symbols

Angular gyrus/ Phonics

In the occipital part of the brain, helps connect words to the visual forms

orthographic processor

temporal part of the lobe, helps figure out a words intended meaning

context and meaning

ability to think on and reflect on language, lots of classroom experiences

metalinguistic competence

idiom where literal and figurative meaning are similar

transparent

idiom where literal and figurative meaning are very different

opaque

interaction between morphological and phonological patterns, z,s,es

morphophonemic development

form class of a word changes when adding a derivational suffix

vowel shifting

closely related to syntactic development, including derivational (change in meaning)

morphological development

developmentally advanced grammatical structures that mark a literate or decontextualized language style , persuasive writing

complex syntax

gains information in decontextualized language

context development

analyzing lexical, inflectional, and derivational morphemes of unfamiliar words to infer there meaning

morphological analysis

four stages of semantic development

1. lexical development

2. multiple meaning

3. literate language

4. development of literal language

use language for a variety of communicative purposes or functions

functional flexibility

persuasive discourse relies on the development of

Theory of mind

adjusting content to listeners thoughts

conversation abilities

how does adulthood affect pragmatics and literacy

pragmatics- speak to boss different than friend

literacy- read for work, executive function, scaffolding builds

4 ageing effects on cognition

1. cognitive slows

2. inhibitory deficits

3. working memory limited

4. word retrieval issues

older individuals have trouble finding _______ while younger individuals have trouble finding ______

sounds due to hearing loss

word memory

Age can cause difficulty with ______ cues referring to sarcasm and pragmatics

prosodic

American English includes social as well as regional dialects that are systematic, highly regular and _______ ________

across all linguistic parameters

dialect involves

• phonology (speech and accent)

• morphology

• pragmatics

• syntax

• suprasegmentals

• semantics

• lexicon

classification of dialects were status determined relative to the standard

Deficit approach

classification of dialects that views dialects equally, no value is placed on one dialect over another

sociolinguistic approach

regional dialects are NOT

monolinguistic

Simultaneous acquisitions must introduce both languages before age

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