Midterm II - CYPLAN C117

Definition of Health According to the WHO

• social wellbeing

• a human right

• includes social and economic sectors

Definition of Public Health

• focus on entire health of populations and keeping them healthy

Definition of Community Health

• multi-disciplinary

• engage and work with communities

• culturally respectful and collaborative

• reduce inequities

Biomedical Model

• focus on risk behaviors, disease, injury, and mortality

• downstream impacts

Ecological Model

• focus on social and institutional inequities + living conditions

• upstream root causes

The Social Determinants of Health

Your group’s social position can shape your

• living conditions

• institutional decisions

• power

Health Disparities

Differences in health status between population groups

Health Inequities

• disparities in health status and mortality rates

• a result of systemic, avoidable, and unfair social and economic policies/practices

Health Equity

Actions to eliminate inequities in health to ensure all groups and places are able to attain the highest possible level of health

Model Minority Myth

Settlement House Movement

• Hull House, Chicago

• focus on the social determinants of health

Out in the Rural Documentary

• health council made up of residents

• focus on biomedical model

• health center

Playground Movements

• parks could be ‘lungs’ for the poor

• women leadership changed focus of urban and environmental health to working, living, educating, and recreating conditions

Eugenics

• ‘quantifies’ intelligence in order to prove innate inferiority in non-white races

• belief that selective breeding could improve the human race

Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders

Kerner Commission

Community Health, a Central Component of the Civil Rights Movement

Legacy of Social Movements for Community Health

5 Key Features of ‘Places’ for Health

1. Physical (natural) environment

2. Availability of health environments (built environment)

3. Services provided to support people

4. Socio-cultural features of a neighborhood (social environment)

5. Reputation of an area

Positive Stress

• a personal challenge that has a satisfying outcome

• results in healthy brain architecture, self esteem, and impulse control

Tolerable Stress

• adverse life events buffered by supportive relationships and resources (short-medium term)

• results in

  • coping and recovery

  • healthy brain architecture, self-esteem, and impulse control

Toxic Stress

• unbuffered adverse events of greater duration and magnitude

• results

  • poor coping and compromised recovery

  • increased life-long risk for physical and mental illnesses

  • compromised brain architecture, self esteem, and impulse control

Adverse Childhood Experiences

• abuse

• neglect

• household challenges

Adverse Community Environments

10 Principles for Ethical Community Engagement

1. Avoid data extraction

2. Research with, not on or for, communities

3. Build on community strengths and existing resources

4. Complex, inter-related problems demand interdisciplinary and mixed methods

5. Focus on institutional and structural change, as well as short-term needs

6. Action-orientation; often can’t wait until definitive ‘proof’

7. Develop robust monitoring and tracking systems

8. Sharing information widely and creatively

9. Commit to long-term engagement, not short-term fixes

10. Leave place better off, including local leadership

Community Based Participatory-Action Research (CBPAR)

• collaborative research approach

• ensure and establish structures for community participation to improve health and well-being

What You Can Do Before Community Engagement

Neurourbanism

• public mental health and urban planning

Healing Centered Engagement

1. Political, not clinical

2. Culturally grounded

3. Asset/Strengths based

4. On-going process

Advance Peace Model