Music Final

North Africa/Tunisia Reading: Black Spirits, White Saints: Music, Spirit Possession, and Sub-Saharans in Tunisia

Argument: I argue that the sonic, ritual, and social spaces of stambeli provide a way of negotiating those dichotomies. In other words, stambeli itself is a "way to move. Stambeli is not just about spiritual encounter, but is more so about geo-cultural encounter. The Saints and the Spirits perform a sacred history of geo-cultural movement between sub-Saharan and North Africas. It is through music that these performances are recreated, reworked, and remembered. Stambeli is an autonomous sphere of cultural creation that draws on, but is not reducible to, any of its sub-Saharan, Islamic, Tunisian, or Ottoman referents. This suggests that from within, stambeli is not about difference per se, but about connections; that is, it is about routes more than it is about roots

1. North African/Middle Eastern Tradition

2. Stambeli Genre

3. Bousaadia

1. Spain

2. Flamenco

3. Derived from gypsies/the roma

1. Java, Indonesia

2. Gamelan

3. Saron

1. Java, Indonesia

2. Court Style Gamelan

1. Java, Indonesia

2. Gamelan

3. Colotomic Structure

1. Balinese Gamelan

2. Gong Keybar

1. Balinese Gamelan

2. Gamelan Beleganjur

3. Contest

1. Bali

2. Kecak (monkey chant + trance dance)

Bali Reading: Bakan Balinese Gamelan Intro

Argument:

1. South Korea

2. Pansori

3. sorikkun, gosu, buk

1. China

2. Pipa

3. Wu Man

1. China

2. Jiangnan Sizhu

3. Silk and Bamboo

4. heterophony

1. South Indian

2. Carnatic Music

3. Tabla

4. Veena

5. Mridangam

Tabla

Veena

South Indian Carnatic Violin

Mridangam

Khanjira

1. Carnatic Male Vocal

2. South India

1. South Indian

2. Bharata Natyam

3. sadir→devadasis→bharata natyam

1. South Indian

2. Paraiyars/Dalit

3. Parai/Tappu drum

1. South Indian

2. Thavil = drum

3. nadaswaram = reed instrument

1. south india

2. nadaswaram at hindu festival

1. North Indian

2. Hindustani music

3. tabla

4. Sitar

1. north india

2. hindustani vocal

3. Bhimsen joshi

1. north indian

2. hindustani

3. sarod

1. Pakistan

2. Qawwali

3. Nusrat Fateh Ali Kahn

4. Sufi Devotional Music

1. Pakistan

2. Qawwali

3. Sabri Brothers

4. Sufi Devotional Music

5. harmonium

1. Pakistan

2. Women Qawwali Vocal

3. Abida Parveen

1. Afghanistan

2. Rubab

3. Tabla

4. Straight to melody

1. Afghanistan

2. Ustad Amir Vocal

3. ghazal = poetry

1. Afghanistan

2. Sonita Alizadeh

3. afghani rapper -→ “Brides for Sale” song

Afghanistan Reading: So Near, So Far: Kabul's Music in Exile by John Baily

Argument: Based on fieldwork, Baily argues that Afghan music serves different purposes in Fremont, California, and Peshawar, Pakistan. In Cali, the music serves to portray a newfound Afghan-American identity, while in Pakistan, it serves to maintain links to the past.

1. Middle East

2. Umm Kulthum

3. voice of egypt

4. connected with her tarab (audience)

1. Middle East

2. Takht Example = a small ensemble composed of Arabic instruments

1. Middle East

2. arab instrument orchestra

1. Middle East

2. Maqam Rast

3. Oud