MATERIALS OF DESIGN AND DECORATION (COATINGS / FILLERS / FINISHES)

Sealers

Usually oil-resinous containing oil and slower to dry or polyurethane in one can or two can form.

Urea formaldehyde

Used in adhesives, electrical fittings such as light switches and plugs etc. Rigid, brittle, good strength, heat resistant and a good electrical insulator.

Fillers

Used n=on wood to cover holes, cracks and other imperfections in the wood, plaster or any construction surface before actual finishing

Paste Fillers

(Wood fillers)

-Composed of silex (stone dust), japan-drier, linseed oil, turpentine, and sometimes colors ground in oil

-applied with the grain and allowed to dry "flat" for about 10 minutes. It is then wiped off across the grain with burlap or some other coarse material

-requires about 24 hours for drying before it can be sanded.

Crack Fillers

(Wood fillers)

Plastic wood putty, stick shellac, etc. They are used for filling nails holes, cracks and dents.

Polishes

Come in either spirit/ based (liquid or solid wax) or in emulsion (suspended in water) form.

Stains

Chemical dyes and water-based or spirit-based stains

Oil Wood Stains

A wood stain which pigments are derived from various earth clays. After they are dissolved in linseed oil, the coloring particles remain suspended between the oil molecules. For spreading the color particles over large surfaces, the ground oil color is thinned with turpentine.

Water Stains

A wood stain made from anilyne dyes and mineral extracts which have been dissolved in hot water

Spirit or Alcohol Stain

A wood stain mixed with alcohol-solution anilyne powders and warmed alcohol.

Shellac

Durable, high gloss furniture finish produced by an Asian scale insect.

Varnish

Resin dissolved in a liquid for applying on wood, metal, or other materials to form a hard, clear, shiny surface when dry.

Spongeing

Quickest, easiest and most versatile painting technique, can be applied to almost any surface

Ragging

A simple technique that produces a delicate, fabric-like texture with a soft variegated appearance and create an intimate mood.

Dragging

A painting technique that create a feeling of elegant silk fabric or wallpaper which can be applied on most reasonably smooth and properly prepared surfaces

Colorwashing

Technique lend themselves to a rustic country look but are versatile enough in virtually any setting, works best with earthy colors

Combing

A fun technique that creates a striated effect with paint and glaze, creates waves, horizontal stripes or checkered patterns

Woodgraining

A technique to stimulate wood grains with paint and pigments

Marbling

A technique to stimulate marble with paint

Stenciling

The application of paint by using a cutout form to outline a design or lettering

Murals

Large paintings on walls

trompe l'oeil

Trick the eye. visual illusion in art, especially as used to trick the eye into perceiving a painted detail as a three-dimensional object.