Interactionism – The Social Construction of Crime

Social construction of crime

The theory that no act is inherently criminal; actions only become criminal when labeled by society.

Moral entrepreneurs

Individuals or groups who advocate for changes in laws or social norms, often leading to the creation of new laws.

Labeling theory

The idea that behavior is labeled as deviant based on social reactions and the application of rules.

Status offences

Behaviors that are considered offenses only because of the age of the person engaged in them, such as truancy.

Typifications

Common sense stereotypes regarding typical delinquents that can affect arrest and conviction rates.

Dark figure of crime

The term used to describe the gap between official crime statistics and the actual amount of crime that occurs.

Victim surveys

Surveys conducted to gather information about crime from victims, providing alternative insights into crime rates.

Cicourel's view on crime statistics

He believes that crime statistics are shaped by interactions between law agencies and should be studied critically.

Anti-social behavior orders

Legal measures intended to prevent anti-social behavior, often disproportionately applied to ethnic minorities.

Platt's argument

Claims that 'juvenile delinquency' was created by upper-class moral campaigns to protect youth and extend state control.

Interactionists' view of law enforcement

They argue that law enforcement decisions are influenced by social biases and stereotypes, particularly against the working class.

Negotiation of justice

The idea that individuals, especially middle-class individuals, can negotiate more successfully with law enforcement than working-class individuals.

Social control agencies

Organizations that enforce societal rules and laws, which may also campaign for changes to increase their power.