(E.1.1) Unit 4: English and Language Usage - Conventions of Standard English

Flashcards covering vocabulary and specific spelling rules for Standard English as presented in the ATI TEAS study materials.

Aurally

Directing the administration of a medication in the ear.

Orally

Directing the administration of a medication in the mouth.

Homophones

Words that sound the same, such as "new" and "knew," but have different meanings.

Homographs

Words that are spelled the same, such as "bass" (a fish) and "bass" (a musical instrument), but have different meanings and may be pronounced differently.

Plural

A form representing more than one item.

"i" Before "e" Rule

The spelling mnemonic: "i" before "e" except after "c" or when sounding like "a" as in "neighbor" and "weigh."

Sounding Like "A" Exceptions

Words like beige, rein, and sleigh which follow the "i" before "e" exception rule.

"i" Before "e" Exceptions

Common words that do not follow the standard mnemonic, such as codeine, leisure, caffeine, protein, neither, height, and vein.

Drop the Final "e" Rule

When adding a suffix to a word that ends in "e," drop the "e" if the suffix begins with a vowel (e.g., believe + able = believable; guide + ance = guidance).

Keep the Final "e" Rule

When adding a suffix to a word that ends in "e," keep the "e" if the suffix begins with a consonant (e.g., nice + ly = nicely; rude + ness = rudeness).

Exceptions to the Final "e" Rule

Words that do not follow the standard suffix rules, including noticeable, argument, and courageous.

Double the Final Consonant Rule

In a verb ending in a consonant, double the final consonant when a single vowel precedes it and the last syllable of the word is stressed after the ending is added (e.g., prefer + ing = preferring).

Consonants Never Doubled

Under the doubling rule, never double the letters "w," "x," or "y."

Double the Consonant Exceptions

Words where both single and double consonant forms are correct, such as traveling/travelling, canceled/cancelled, and modeled/modelled.

Change the Final "y" to "i" Rule

When adding a suffix to a word ending in "y" preceded by a consonant, change the "y" to "i" unless the suffix begins with "i" (e.g., beauty + ful = beautiful; worry + ed = worried).

Final "y" to "i" Exceptions

Words that do not follow the standard "y" to "i" change rule, such as daily and shyly.

Plural "-es" Rule

Rule stating to add "-es" for words ending in "-ch," "-s," "-sh," "-x," or "-z" (e.g., dash/dashes, lunch/lunches, boss/bosses).

Plural "-ves" Rule

Rule stating to change to "-ves" for some words ending in "-f" or "-fe" (e.g., elf/elves, life/lives, self/selves).

Plural "-ves" Exceptions

Words ending in "-f" or "-fe" that do not use "-ves," such as chief/chiefs and proof/proofs.

Context

Surrounding words or ideas within a sentence or passage that help determine the meaning of homophones or homographs.

Parts of Speech

Eight categories for classifying words: adjective, adverb, conjunction, interjection, noun, preposition, pronoun, and verb.