ACT Form H31 (December 2024) Vocabulary Review

Flashcards covering key terminology, historical figures, scientific principles, and species mentioned in ACT Practice Test Form H31.

Camerata Romeu

An all-woman string chamber orchestra founded in Havana in 1993 that performs annually at the historic Havana basilica.

Zenaida Romeu

The conductor and founder of Camerata Romeu who sought to showcase Cuba's female musicians and Latin American classical composers.

Loggerhead sea turtle

An endangered species, weighing up to three hundred pounds, known to nest on beaches like Kiawah Island, South Carolina.

False crawl

An occurrence where a loggerhead sea turtle plods onto the beach but returns to the sea for one reason or another without laying eggs.

William Henry Brown

A South Carolina-born silhouettist (1808) known for cutting full-length portraits and capturing subject character through details of posture and dress.

Dr. Eugenie Clark

A pioneer in marine science who founded the Cape Haze Marine Laboratory and dedicated her career to changing widespread misperceptions of sharks.

Golden hour

A period occurring twice a day—just after sunrise and just before sunset—featuring soft yellow-and-orange light described as photo friendly.

Altricial

Refers to species in which the young are born or hatched in a very immature and helpless condition.

Precocial

Refers to species that, from birth, are capable of a high degree of independent activity.

Baryonyx walkeri

A specialized fish-eating dinosaur predator with an almost crocodile-like skull and huge claws, related to Spinosaurus.

Ron Croucher

A museum preparator who spent over a year painstakingly extracting the Baryonyx bones from sandstone using a vibrating air pen.

Stop-motion animation

A film technique, used in Coraline, where animators pose puppets, shoot a single frame, and carefully change positions to imply motion.

Bottegas

Workshops where a successful artist of the Renaissance might have employed dozens of apprentices to help with all aspects of his craft.

Domenico Ghirlandaio

A Florentine painter who kept bound volumes of drapery studies to deploy in commissions, described as Renaissance clip art.

Warren

A network of tunnels dug by a wild European rabbit ($Oryctolagus\,cuniculus$) used as a protective home.

Kallar grass

A salt-tolerant grass planted in high-salt soil that releases $CO_2$ as its roots grow, causing soil pH to decrease.

Leaching

The process where ions, such as calcium ($Ca^{2+}$), are carried downward by water out of the upper soil layers.

Electrical conductivity

A measure used in soil science that is directly proportional to salt content based on the number of dissolved ions.

Graphene

A form of pure carbon used in solid phase extraction (SPE) experiments to analyze heavy metals like cadmium in aqueous samples.

Rhizopus nigricans

A common fungus, often used in experiments regarding mold growth inhibitors on circular pieces of bread.

Biodiesel

A fuel produced when oil from plant sources reacts with ethanol in the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$).

Codon

A group of 3 nucleobases in an mRNA strand that specifies either a specific amino acid or a stop.

Heptane

A nonpolar solvent used in experiments to extract oil from dried spent coffee grounds (SCGs).