(15) CCMA The Digestive System

What is the function of the digestive system?

It breaks down and absorbs nutrients.

What is the food pathway in the digestive system?

Mouth to intestines.

What is the esophagus?

A tube that connects the throat to the stomach.

What is the function of the stomach?

It digests food.

What is the function of the intestines?

It absorbs nutrients.

What is the function of the liver?

It produces bile.

What is the pathway of food through the digestive system?

Mouth → esophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine → rectum → anus

What is the function of saliva?

Begins chemical digestion and moistens food.

What is the swallowing process?

Movement of food from mouth to esophagus.

Where does nutrient absorption primarily occur?

Primarily occurs in the small intestine.

What is the role of bile?

Breaks down fats.

What are diagnostic measures for the digestive system?

Imaging, endoscopy, and lab tests.

What are treatments for digestive disorders?

Diet changes, medication, or surgery.

How does lifespan affect digestive changes?

Slower digestion and reduced enzyme production with age.

What is the term for relating to the anus?

Anal

What is the anus?

Opening for waste elimination

What is an appendectomy?

Surgical removal of appendix

What is appendicitis?

Inflammation of appendix

What is the ascending colon?

First part of large intestine

What is the descending colon?

Downward portion of colon

What is the transverse colon?

Middle horizontal part of colon

What is the cecum?

First part of large intestine

What is the vermiform appendix?

Small pouch attached to cecum

What is the cardiac sphincter?

Muscle between esophagus and stomach

What is the pyloric sphincter?

Muscle between stomach and small intestine

What is the duodenum?

First part of small intestine

What is the jejunum?

Middle section of small intestine

What is the ileum?

Last part of small intestine

What is the ileocecal valve?

Valve between small and large intestine

What is the sigmoid colon?

S-shaped part of colon

What is the mesentery?

Tissue holding intestines in place

What is saliva?

Digestive fluid in mouth

What is an enzyme?

Substance that speeds digestion

What is flatus?

Gas in digestive system

What is a fissure?

Crack in tissue

What is a fistula?

Abnormal connection between organs

What is impaction?

Blockage in intestine

What is incontinence?

Inability to control bowel

What is paralytic ileus?

Intestinal blockage due to lack of movement

What is pruritus ani?

Itching around anus

What is stenosis?

Narrowing of passage

What are varices?

Enlarged veins

What are villi?

Tiny projections for absorption

What is a villous adenoma?

Tumor in intestine

What is herniorrhaphy?

Surgical repair of hernia

What is gastroscopy?

Visual exam of stomach

What is sigmoidoscopy?

Exam of sigmoid colon

What is a proctoscope?

Instrument to view rectum

What is a hemorrhoidectomy?

Removal of hemorrhoids

What is a cholecystectomy?

Removal of gallbladder

What is cholelithiasis?

Gallstones

What is diverticulitis?

Inflammation of intestinal pouches

What is Crohn’s disease?

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease

What is cirrhosis?

Liver scarring

What is hepatitis?

Liver inflammation

What does pancreatic relate to?

Relating to pancreas

What is the common bile duct?

Tube carrying bile