Factors affecting lattice enthalpy and hydration

What happens if ionic radius increases - lattice enthalpy?

Decreases attraction between ions so lattice enthalpy becomes less negative and melting point decreases

What does increasing ionic charge do - lattice enthalpy?

Attraction between ions increases, lattice enthalpy becomes more negative, melting point increases (eg: Na₂O compared to CaO)

What are ions with a higher charge better at doing? - enthalpy of hydration

Attracting water molecules - electrostatic attraction between ions and water molecules is stronger so more energy is released when bonds are made so the enthalpy of hydration is more exothermic

What do smaller ions have? - enthalpy of hydration

A higher charge density. They attract water molecules better and have more exothermic enthalpy of hydration

What is the effect of ionic size on hydration enthalpy for cations?

Ionic radius increases, attraction between ions and water molecules decreases, hydration enthalpy less negative

What is the effect of ionic charge on hydration enthalpy?

Ionic charge increases, attraction with water molecules increases, hydration enthalpy becomes more negative

What does a greater lattice enthalpy mean?

Harder to separate ions and the lower the solubility is

What does a greater hydration enthalpy mean?

Greater the energy released when ions dissolve in water and the greater the solubility