Quiz #4 Nervous System drugs

Max, a 2 year old yellow lab, is being started on phenobarbital to manage his newly-diagnosed epilepsy. Name 1 common adverse effect the owner may observe over the next few days to weeks.

Sedation

What constitutes a humane euthanasia?

unconsciousness before organ failure

A barbiturate used for euthanasia is:

Pentobarbital

Name an adrenergic agonist drug used to treat urinary incontinence (spelling counts!)

Pheny|propanolamine

Name an alpha-2 agonist commonly used for sedation (spelling counts!)

Dexmedetomidine

Ketamine is a?

Dissociative

Epinephrine is often released from the:

• Postganglionic synapse of the Sympathetic Nervous System

Which drug stimulates respirations:

Doxapram

This drug is an emergency drug often used during cardiac arrest:

Epinephrine

This drug is a white emulsion that must be given slowly to avoid profound respiratory depression/ apnea

Propofol

List 4 drugs used in clinic to stop active seizures

1. Diazepam

2. Phenobarbital

3. Pentobarbital

4. Propofol

Name 4 drugs sent home as a preventative for seizures

1. phenobarbital

2. Potassium bromide

3. Levetiracetam

4. Diazepam

What might be a situation in which glycopyrrolate is chosen over atropine?

C-sections

SLUDDE an acronym for which type of drugs?

Cholinergic drugs

Anticholinergic effects are most like?

Adrenergic agonist drugs

Match the local anesthetic to the onset and duration

Onset: 5-10minutes/Duration: 4-6hours:

Onset:5-15/Duration: 1-2 hours:

Bupivacaine

Lidocaine

Onset: 5-10minutes/Duration: 4-6hours: Bupivacaine

Onset:5-15/Duration: 1-2 hours: Lidocaine

Match the nervous system to the terms:

adrenergic, epinephrine, fight or flight

Sympathetic

Match the nervous system to the terms:

cholinergic, acetylcholine, rest and digest.

Parasympathetic

T or F Acetylcholine is released in the parasomatic nervous system

False

T or F Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors decrease acetylcholine

False

True or False Anticonvulsants do not cure the cause of seizures:

True

Stopping anticonvulsants abruptly is not recommended:

True

Phenothiazines do provide analgesia:

False

True or false Alpha 2 agonists bind to alpha 2 receptors to inhibit norepinephrine and cause sedation.

True

Horses are more sensitive to alpha 2s than ruminants.

False

A patent is having a seizure and you have an IV catheter in! Administer the diazepam IM!

False

T or F- Ketamine can cause muscle relaxation

True

T or F Benzodiazepines are reversible

True

Barbiturates are reversible T or F

True

Alpha 2s are reversible T or F

true

T or F acepromazine is reversible

False

Atropine is very effective in rabbits T or F

False

Atropine is preferred over glycopyrrolate in c-sections

False

Potassium chloride must always be diluted, or else it can cause cardiac arrest T or F

True

Inhalant anesthetics get into the blood because the concentration in the alveoli is ? that the blood

Higher

When the vaporizer for inhalant anesthetics is turned off, the anesthetic follows a concentration from high to low: At this point in time, the concentration is? in the blood and is ? in the alveoli

Higher and lower

A lower MAC is ? potent than a higher MAC.

More

A lower blood-gas partition coefficient means the inhalant has a lower solubility which means any change will happen ? than an inhalant with a higher blood-gas-partition coefficient.

faster

Medetomidine class ?

Alpha 2 agonist

Diazepam class?

Benzodiazepine

Isoflurane class?

Inhalant Anesthetic

T-61 class?

Euthanasia agent

Propranolol?

Beta blocker (adrenergic antagonist)

Atropine class?

Anticholinergic

Proparacaine class?

Local anesthetic

Treat status epilepticus

Midazolam

Manage epilepsy long-term

Levetiracetam

Reverses the effect of diazepam

Flumazenil

Commonly mixed with diazepam as an induction agent

Ketamine

Used topically to prevent laryngospasm

Lidocaine

Given IV, tests for Myathenia Gravis

Endrophonium

Increases heart rate?

Atropine