TTSusan 9 Rules of Mim Sakina and Mim al-Jama

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions, types, and the three primary rules of Mim Sakina based on the lecture transcript.

Mim Sakina

A Mim that is free from the three vowels (fatha, kasra, or dhamma) and remains silent regardless of whether the recitation continues or stops.

Location of Mim Sakina

It occurs in nouns, verbs, and prepositions, appearing in either the middle or at the end of a word, but never at the beginning.

Mim al-Jama (Mim of Plurality)

An extra Mim added to the end of a word to indicate a masculine plural, preceded by specific letters such as Hamza, Ta, or Kaf.

Muta-janisayn (Homogeneity)

Two letters that share the same articulation point but differ in characteristics, occurring between the lips for letters like Mim, Ba, and Waw.

Incidental Kasra

A temporary vowel applied to a Mim Sakina (making it $m_{i}$) when it is followed by another sakinah letter to avoid the meeting of two non-voweled letters.

Incidental Fatha

A specific case in Surat Al-Imran where the Mim of the opening letters is vowed with a fatha if the reader continues into the word 'Allah'.

Incidental Dhamma

A temporary vowel applied to the Mim al-Jama (making it $m_{u}$) when it is followed by a sakinah letter.

Ikhfa Shafawi (Oral Concealment)

The rule applied when a Mim Sakina is followed by the letter Ba, involving pronouncing the Mim between Izhar and Idgham with a complete Ghunnah.

Idgham Shafawi (Small Identical Merging)

The rule applied when a Mim Sakina is followed by another voweled Mim, resulting in the merging of the two into a single Mim with a Shaddah and most complete Ghunnah.

Small Identical (al-Mithlayn al-Saghir)

A term for Idgham where the first letter is non-voweled (sakin) and the second letter is voweled, requiring minor work to merge them.

Izhar Shafawi (Oral Clarification)

The rule applied when a Mim Sakina is followed by any of the 26 alphabet letters (excluding Ba and Mim), requiring the Mim to be pronounced clearly from its articulation point without extra Ghunnah.

Caution in Izhar Shafawi

A warning for reciters to be extra careful not to hide the Mim Sakina when it is followed by the letters Fa or Waw due to the proximity of their articulation points at the lips.