15.1 - Acids, Bases, and Salts

what is vinegar also called?

acetic acid

what acid is in stomach?

hydrochloric acid

soap contains what base?

sodium hydroxide

what is a salt?

ionic compound of positive metal ion, negative nonmetal ion

what is produced when acids and bases react with each other?

salt

is ammonia a base or acid?

base

what do acids do?

form hydronium ions when dissociating in aqueous solution

what is formula for hydronium?

H3O

what are monoprotic acids?

acids with one hydrogen proton

three hydrogen ion acid is called…

triprotic acid

acids release ___ ion while bases release _____ ion when dissociating

H+, OH-

what is a conjugate acid?

formed when base receives hydrogen ion

what is conjugate base?

formed when acid donates hydrogen ion

what is a lewis base?

substance that donates pair of electrons to form covalent bond

what is a lewis acid?

a substance that accepts pair of electrons to form covalent bond

what pH level is neutral?

7

acidic solutions have pH value higher/lower than 7

lower

when blood pH is less than ____, ____ occurs

7.35, acidosis

when blood pH is higher than _____, _____ occurs

alkidosis

what does a buffer system consist of?

weak acid or base along with its conjugate

what is buffer capcity?

maximum amount of acid or base added before significant pH change

what is buffer range?

overall pH range when buffer is effective

what is the difference between endpoint and equivalence point?

equivalence point is the theoretical exact point, endpoint is observed point