Chemical Reactions Review

Synthesis Reaction

Two or more reactants that combine to form one product. A+ B—> AB Ex: 2Na + CI2–> 2NaCI

Decomposition Reaction

One reactant breaks apart into two or more products. AB—> A + B Ex: 2Al2 O3–> 4AI + 3O2

Combustion Reaction

The burning of a hydrocarbon gas or fuel in oxygen gas will always form carbon dioxide and water. Fuel + O2—> CO2 + H2O.

Single Replacement Reaction

The ions between an ionic compound and an element are rearranged to form a new Ionic compound and element. AB+ C—> AC + B Ex: NaCI + K—> KCI + Na

Double Replacement Reaction

Ions from two ionic compounds. Rearranged to form two new ionic compounds. AB+CD—> AD+ CB Ex: NaOH + KCI—> NaCI + KOH

Activity Series

Lists common metals/non-metals in order from most active to least active.

How to predict products

• Separate each reactant into its composing ions.

• Switch ions to form two new compounds on the other side.

• Determine the solubility of each product using a solubility chart.

Different states of matter

Soluble= (aq)

Insoluble= (s)

Slightly soluble= (s)

Redox reaction

A chemical process involving the exchange of electrons between two species, resulting in a change in their oxidation states.

Oxidation

Loss of electrons.

Reduction

Gain of electrons.