Lab 1: Body Organization and Anatomical Directions

What are the 7 levels of organization in order from simplest to most complex?

1. Atoms

2. Molecules

3. Organelles/cells

4. Tissues

5. Organs

6. Organ systems

7. Organism

What are the 7 levels or organization in order from most complex to simplest?

1. Organisms

2. Organ systems

3. Organs

4. Tissues

5. Organelles/cells

6. Molecules

7. Atoms

What are the 11 different organ systems?

1. Integumentary

2. Skeletal

3. Muscular

4. Nervous

5. Endocrine

6. Cardiovascular

7. Lymphatic

8. Respiratory

9. Digestive

10. Urinary

11. Reproductive (both male and female)

What is the universal anatomical positioning of a body in order to eliminate directional confusion?

Standing straight up with arms by side with head, feet, and palms facing forward.

In relation to the body, in which direction is anterior/ventral?

Towards the front of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is posterior/dorsal?

Towards the back of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is superior?

Towards the head - celling.

In relation to the body, in which direction is inferior/cadual?

Towards the feet - ground.

In relation to the body, in which direction is proximal?

Towards the trunk/base of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is distal?

Away from the trunk/base of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is superficial?

Towards the surface/outer layer of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is deep?

Towards the core/center of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is ipsilateral?

On the same side of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is contralateral?

On opposite sides of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is bilateral?

On both sides of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is medial?

Towards the midline of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is lateral?

Away from the midline of the body.

In relation to the body, in which direction is intermediate?

Between two structures.

What are the the 3 main human anatomical planes?

1. Transverse

2. Frontal/coronal

3. Saggital/lateral

What is divided in a transverse plane?

The superior and inferior parts of the body.

What is divided in a frontal/coronal plane?

The anterior and posterior parts of the body.

What is divided in a saggital/lateral plane?

The left and right parts of the body.

What are the 3 main cut kinds in anatomical diagrams?

1. Cross sections

2. Oblique sections

3. Longitudinal sections

What direction is a cross section cut when the ‘tube’ is on it’s side?

Straight down.

What direction is a oblique section cut when the ‘tube’ is on it’s side?

Diagonally down.

What direction is a longitudinal cut when the ‘tube’ is on it’s side?

Sideways.