Nucleotides

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mh0uieUVubw

What are the 3 parts that nucleotides consist of

In the centre we have a pentose sugar, We have a base (nitrogenous bases) attached to the sugar

There is a negatively charged phosphate group attached on the other site of the sugar.

What elements do nucelotides contain

Carbon , Hydrogen , Oxygen , Nitrogen and Phosphorous.

What are nucleotides used for

To make DNA and RNA

the nucleotides found in DNA and RNA all share the same general structure.

What is the pentose sugar called in DNA and RNA

Deoxyribose and ribose.

What are the 4 different bases found in DNA

Adenine , Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine.

What are purines

Adenine and guanine, as they have double ring structure

What are pyrimidines

Thymine and cytosine, as they have a single ring structure.

What bases does RNA include

Adenine , Guanine and Cytosine, Uracil

Whats a phosphodiester bond

A bond between two nucleotides.

When its formed, water is released ( condensation)

Phosphodiester bond can be broken by adding water (hydrolysis

What are polynucleotides

DNA and RNA are examples of polynucleotides,

Hydroxyl group is on carbon 3 of pentose sugar.

If 2 nucleotides are taken, a bond can be formed between phosphate group of one nucleotide, and hydroxyl group on carbon 3 of pentose sugar of other nucleotide (phosphodiester bond)