psych-personality

personality

persons emotionap responses, thoughts and behaviors

personality trait

pattern of though, emotion and behavior that is consistent over time

persona

mask

personality is rooted in genetics

true

identical twins

monozygotic

fraternal twins

dizygotic

temperament

biological tendencies to feel or act in certain ways

temperament is evident in infancy

false

3 considered temperaments

activity level, emotionally, sociability

activity level

amount of energy and behavior a person exhibits

emotionally

intesity of emotional reactions

sociability

tendency to socialize w others

situationsm

theory that behavior is determined more by situations than personality traits

what did hippocrates and galen propose

4 humors if there is an excess that’s your personality type. choleric, melancholie, phlegmatic and sanguine

choleric

excess of yellow bile which makes you bad tempered

melancholic

black bile and it makes u sad

phlegmatic

excess of phlegm which makes u sluggish or calm

sanguine

excess of blood which makes you cheerful and passionate

cocaine experiment

run by sigmund freud. he had heard it made soldiers more alert and was interested for medicinal purposes. coke had reliveed depression and increased focus and at the time there were no negative uses but he shared it with his friends and wife which led to the death of his friends.

was sigmund freud addicted to coke

no

what did the 6 articles sigmund publish recommend coke usage as

stimulant, anesthetic, and a harmless substitute fro morphine

free association

saying whatever comes to mind

how did talk therapy begin

from free association

what did sigmund believe about personality

personality is shaped by events in a person's life including traumatic ones

3 divisions of the mind (freuds theory)

Id, ego and superego

Id

animalistic, present at birth, contains primary source of motivation. driven by pleasure principle

ego

mediating btwn id and superego. thinking and planning and driven by reality

superego

morality, develops around 5 and has 2 components

2 components of superego

conscience and ego ideal

conscience

internalized experiences for which a child has been punished

ego ideal

internalized experiences for which a child was rewarded

freuds psychosexual theory of personal development

we pass though stages early in life based on erogenous zones. oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital

oral stage

1st year of life. sucking and swallowing. problems result in smoking, drinking overeating and biting nails. fixed personality traits: gullible, good listener and sarcasm

anal stage

2nd year of life. potty training. problems lead to constipation or accidents. fixed personality traits: generous, creative, perfectionism, stingy

phallic

3-5 years of life. zone is clitorus or penis. Opedipus complex: castration anxiety. electra complex: penis envy girls jealous they dont have a penis. fixed personality traits: excessive masculinity and need for attention and dominance for women. basic personality traits are set

latent stage

6-12 yrs. sexual interests are repressed and replaced w interests of learning, sports and friends

genital

begins at puberty, emerge into who you are destined to be. change selfish and childlike behaviors. if all is well u are straight but if trauma in childhood maybe gay. marriage and children

freud and women

he had the question of what women want. decided that women are inferior men and cant form a superego. he thought penis envy drives women thats why they withdraw from sexual activity. they cling to masculinity and resort to gay or feminism. sometimes marry someone similar to father and have many children.

freudian slips

saying something u dont mean to say and thought to reveal true feelings

dreams

manifest content which is the storyline and latent being the meaning of the dream

unconscious mind

dynamic btwn id and superego

conflict in unconcious mind leads to

freuduan slips, dreams clinical symptoms and humor

what did sigmund believe about humor

allows expression of represed thoughts in socially approved manner

defending yourself from hidden terrible parts of self defense mechanisms

sublimination, displacement, projection, rationalization and regression

sublimination

sexual energy or aggressive energy being channeled somewhere else like art

displacement

taking energy and displacing it. mad at did so kicking the dog

projection

impulses or desires we project on others. accusing other people of being that way

rationalization

giving rational but logical incorrect excuse to behavior. hitting the kids but saying oh but i told the kid 5 times to stop and my mom used to do the same

regression

returning to early state in development. trauma in children might return them to more childlike behavior

Allport

looked at english language and associated 18,000 words w personality

Allport divided personality into categories

cardinal, central and secondary

cardinal

influence almost everything a person does and only a few people have these traits (christ like)

central

basic building blocks that define personality and most people have 5-10 (friendly, sensitive)

secondary

present only in certain circumstances (nervous before speaking)

factor analysis by catell and eysenck

based on concept of correlation, catell came up with 171 adjectives

surface traits

what people can observe

source traits

shared by everyone on varying degrees (intelligence, everyone has but some more than others)

eysenck beleived there are 3 bipolar dimensions

psychoticism, extroversion, neuroticism

phychotism

self control

extroversion

introversion

neurtoticism

emotional stability

5 factor model

opennes, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

openness

open to experience culture and curiosity

conscientiousness

responsibility; drive to acheive (these people are serious)

extraversion

sociability

agreeableness

friendly compliance;likeability

neuroticism

emotional control