Muscles: Origin, Insertions, Antagonist, Synergist, Action

Psoas Major: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: lumbar vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter of the femur

A: flexes thigh and truck

Antag: gluteus Maximus

S: iliacus

iliacus: O, I, A, S, Antag

O: iliac fossa

I: lesser trochanter of femur

A: thigh flexion and flexing trunk

Antag: gluteus Maximus

S: psoas major

Sartorius: O, I, A, Antag

O: anterior superior iliac spine

I: tibia

A: flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh

Antag: Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Maximus: O, I, A, Antag

O: ilium, sacrum, coccyx

I: gluteal tuberosity of femur

A: extension and lateral thigh rotation

Antag: psoas major

gluteus medius: S

S: tensor fasciae latae

Pectineus: A, Antag, S

A: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

Antag: gluteus medius

S: iliopsoas

Adductor longus: A, Antag, S

A: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

Antag: gluteus medius

S: adductor magnus, gracilis

Adductor magnus: A, Antag, S

A: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

Antag: Gluteus medius

S: adductor longus

Gracilis: A, Antag, S

A: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

Antag: gluteus medius

S: Pectineus

Rectus femoris: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: anterior inferior iliac spine

I: patella and tibial tuberosity

A: extends lower leg, flexes thigh

Antag: biceps femoris

S: Vastus lateralis

Vastus lateralis: A, Antag, S

A: extends lower leg, stabilizes knee

Antag: biceps femoris

S: Vastus medialis

Vastus intermedius: A, Antag, S

A: extends lower leg

Antag: biceps femoris

S: Vastus lateralis

Vastus medialis: A, Antag, S

A: extends lower leg

Antag: gastrocnemius

S: Vastus lateralis

Tensor fasciae latae: A, Antag

A: flexes, abducts and medial rotates thigh

Antag: gluteus Maximus

Biceps femoris: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: ischial tuberosity and femur

I: fibula and tibia

A: extends thigh, flexes lower leg

Antag: Rectus femoris

S: semitendinosus

Semitendinosus: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial aspect of proximal tibia

A: extends thigh, flexes lower leg

Antag: Vastus lateralis

S: biceps femoris

Semimembranosus: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial condyle of tibia

A: extends thigh, flexes lower leg

Antag: Rectus femoris

S: biceps femoris

Tibialis anterior: I, A, Antag

I: medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal base

A: prime mover of dorsiflexion

Antag: gastrocnemius

Extensor digitorum longus: I, A, Antag

I: toes 2-5 via extensor expansions

A: prime mover of toe expansion

Antag: soleus

Extensor Hallucis longus: I, A, Antag

I: tendon inserts on distal phalanx of great toe

A: extends great toe

Antag: flexor hallucis longus

Fibularis longus: A, Antag

A: plantarflexion and foot eversion

Antag: Tibialis anterior

Gastrocnemius: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: medial and lateral condyles of femur

I: via Achilles tendon onto calcaneal tendon

A: flexes lower leg, plantar flexes foot

Antag: Tibialis anterior

S: soleus

Soleus: I, A, Antag, S

I: calcaneal tendon onto calcaneous

A: plantarflexes foot

Antag: Tibialis anterior

S: gastrocnemius

Flexor digitorum longus: I, A, Antag

I: inserts into distal phalanges of toes 2-5 via medial malleolus

A: plantar flexes and inverts foot

Antag: extensor digitorum longus

Flexor hallucis longus: I, A, Antag

I: inserts into the distal phalanx of the greater toe

A: plantar flexes and inverts foot

Antag: extensor hallucis longus

Tibialis posterior: I, A, Antag

I: inserts into navicular cuneiforms, cuboid, metatarsals 2-4

A: prime mover of foot inversion

Antag: extensor digitorum longus

Erector spinae: A, Antag

A: prime mover of back extension

Antag: Rectus abdominis

External intercostals A, Antag, S

A: raises ribs for inspiration

Antag: internal intercostals

S: diaphragm, scalene

Internal intercostals: A, Antag

A: depresses ribs for expiration

Antag: external intercostals

Diaphragm: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: xiphoid process

I: central tendon

A: prime muscle of inspiration

Antag: internal intercostals

S: external intercostals

Rectus Abdominis: O, I, A. Antag, S

O: pubic crest and pubic symphysis

I: ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

A: flexes trunk

Antag: erector spinae

S: internal oblique, external oblique

External oblique: A, S

A: flexion and rotation of trunk

S: Rectus abdominis

Internal oblique: A, S

A: flexes, rotates trunk Antag

S: external oblique

Transverse abdominis: A, S

A: compresses abdominal wall

S: internal oblique

Pectoralis minor: O, I, A, S

O: ribs 3,4,5

I: coracoid process of scapula

A: draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly

S: serratus anterior

Serratus anterior: A, Antag

A: protracts and rotates scapula

Antag: rhomboids

Trapezius: O, I, A

O: occipital bone

I: spine and acromion of scapula

A: extends head

Levator scapulae: O, I, A

O: tranverse processes of C1-C4

I: medial border of scapula

A: elevates and adducts scapula

Rhomboids: A

A: retracts and rotates scapula

Pectoralis major: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: clavicle

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: flexes, abducts and medically rotates arm

Antag: latissimus dorsi

S: coracobrachialis

Latissmus Dorsi: O, I, A, Antag

O: thoracolumbar fascia into spines of six thoracic vertebraes

I: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

A: prime mover of arm extension

Antag: pectoralis major

Deltoid: I, A, Antag

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

A: Abducts arm

Antag: latissimus dorsi

Subscapularis: I, A, Antag

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A: medically rotates arm

Antag: infraspinatus

Supraspinatus: I, A

I: greater tubercle of the humerus

A: abducts and stabilizes humerus

Infraspinatus: I, A, Antag, S

I: greater tubercle of the humerus

A: lateral rotation of humerus

Antag: subscapularis

S: Teres minor

Teres minor: I, A, Antag, S

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: laterally rotates arm

Antag: subscapularis

S: infraspinatus

Teres major: I, A

I: crest of lesser tubercle on anterior humerus

A: extends, medically rotates, adducts arm

Coracobracialis: O, I, A , Antag

O: coracoid process of scapula

I: medial surface of humerus shaft

A: flexion and adduction of arm

Antag: deltoid

Triceps brachii: O, I, A, Antag

O: long head; infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: common tendon into olecranon of ulna

A: powerful forearm extensor

Antag: biceps brachii

Biceps brachii: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: short head; coracoid process

I: common tendon into radial tuberosity

A:flexes and supinates forearm

Antag: triceps brachii

S: brachialis

Brachialis: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: anterior surface of distal humerus

I: coracoid process of ulna and capsule of elbow joint

A: flexes forearm

Antag: Triceps brachii

S: biceps brachii

Brachioradialis: O, I, A, S

O: lateral supracondylar ridge at distal end of humerus

I: bases of styloid process of radius

A: synergist in forearm flexion

S: brachialis

Pronator Teres: A

A: pronates forearm

Flexor carpi ulnaris: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: pisiform and hamate bones

A: flexes and adducts hand

Antag: extensor carpi ulnaris

S: Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor carpi radialis: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: base of second and third metacarpals

A: power flexor of hand

Antag: extensor carpi radialis

S: flexor carpi ulnaris

Palmaris longus: A, Antag

A: tenses skin and fascia of palm during hand movement

Antag: extensor carpi ulnaris

Flexor digitorum: O, I, A, Antag

O: medial epicondle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna

I: four tendons into middle phalanges of finger 2-5

A: flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

Antag: extensor digitorum

Extensor carpi radialis longus: O, I, A, Antag, S

O:lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

I: bases of second metacarpal

A: extends hand, abducts hand

Antag: flexor carpi radialis

S: extensor carpi radialis

Extensor digitorum: O, I, A, Antag

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: by four tendons into extensor expansions and distal phalanges of finger 2-5

A: prime mover of finger extension

Antag: flexor digitorum

Extensor carpi ulnaris: O, I, A, Antag, S

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: base of fifth metacarpal

A: extends hand; adducts hand

Antag: flexor carpi radialis

S: extensor carpi radialis