Philosophy Final 05/5

Phil 1000 Final exsam

Philosophía

The Love oof Wisdom

Eudaimonia

Happiness/flourishing

The Meno (About)

Beginning of an attempt to find what Virtue is, exploration of knowledge.

Theory of Knowledge (Learners Paradox)

Knowledge as recollection: We had access to before we were born

Meno (Outcome)

Must be a gift from the gods because it is not taught or by nature

The Apology (About)

Socrates is on trial

What is Socrates Accused of in The Apology

Corrupting the youth, being a Busybody, making the weaker argument the stronger, and worshipping the wrong gods.

What animal is Socrates compared to in The Apology ?

A Gad Fly (An annoying fly - A buzzing annoying thing)

What does Socrates think a good human life is like?

“The unexamined life is not worth living.”

What does The Apology tell us about socrates perspective of human nature?

“The unexamined life is not worth living.”

What is the outcome of the trial in The Apology?

He's guilty, and sentenced to death

What does Socrates think about death?

We shouldn't fear death, because we shouldn't fear what we don't know

What does Socrates value most?

Socrates values Truth/Knowlage over Life/Death

The Creto (About)

Dialouge between creto and socrates

What did Creto want from Socrates?

Creto wants Socrates to escape prison

What is MLk’s problem with the white moderate?

Those who understand but don't do anything about it are worse - Passively standing by is in some ways worse

The Function Argument (Aristotle)

The good of something depends on its function

Ranciere (About)

Supposed to teach them something, but they don’t speak the same language. The kids did eventually understand on their own

Stultification (Ranciere)

Dependence on an explicator, Ex School (Knowledge is more in the teacher than the text)

Emancipation (Ranciere)

Not having all come from one master. The act of an intelligence obeying only itself, even though the will obeys another, not simply a lack of a teacher

Principle quality

Everyone has equal capacity for intelligence

Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics

Defining Virtue

What is a virtue?

The mean between to extremes

How do we develop virtues?

Through habit over time

What is the end of a good human life according to Aristotle?

Eudimoneia

How do you achieve Eudimoneia according to Aristotle?

living virtuously and reasoning well

What are the 4 Causes?

Material

Formal

Efficient

Final

Material Cause

Whats its made of

Formal Cause

Its design, The thing that its for

Efficient Cause

the person/thing that made it

Final Cause

Its Formal cause done well

Why have the structure of the 4 Causes

Classification and knowing the success of things

Aquinas (About)

The 5 ways

What is the purpose of the 5 ways?

Proving the existence of god

What are the 5 ways?

Motion, Cause, Contingency, Gradation of Being, Intelligent Design

Motion

Who’s moving the mover? Things can’t move themselves - Thus has to e god

Cause

God is the first cause (The efficient cause)

Contingency

God cannot not exist

Gradation of Being

Scale of what we say is good, degree of how much of something; there has to be a maximum in any category - Thus, the utter most case of that is God

Intelligent Design

Natural beings are working towards a goal ( Aiming towards) (that’s not by chance)

How does Aristotle always ends all the 5 ways?

“Thus God Exists”

Kierkegaard (About)

Emphasis on faith, Story on Abraham and Issac

Knight of Infinite Resignation

The one who renounces and doubts everything in the material world and is only interested in the transcendent world

Knight of Infinite Faith

Passes through resignation, comes back to the material world, and accepts what’s good about it. Able to take genuine joy in the world

Is Socrates “Knight of Infinite Faith” or “Knight of Infinite Resignation”?

Knight of Infinite Resignation

Is Abraham “Knight of Infinite Faith” or “Knight of Infinite Resignation”?

Knight of Infinite Faith

What is the point of Descartes Discourse on Method?

Giving us the groundwork for what he will then do - Talks about why he’s doing it then how he’s doing it (Guidelines)

Method of doubt

Doubting everything

Anti - Empiricist

Anti - sensory things and senses

What are we left with after method of doubt

Absolute knowledge, Clear and distinct ideas are the only thing that can be fondational

“I think therefore I am” (Meaning)

Its my miind that tells me anything without being

In what ways does mind over body show up in society?

Sexsims with doctors, mental health, meditation -

Proof of god (Descartes)

We end up depending on God for his sense of knowledge - Can’t have true knowledge ( God is no deciver )

EXISTENTIALISM

Nothing has inherent meaning

Exsistence preceeds essence 

We Exist First

Condemned to free

We Cant escape freedom; our choices are our own

Jean-Paul Sartre Existentialism is a Humanism

choice, responsibility

Bad Faith

Pretending not to have the ability to make your own choices 

Anguish

The weight of total responsibility

Abandonment

Feeling alone withough a God controlling our decisions so its up to us; No framework

Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex

Woman are second to men due to society and patriarcal standards.

What is Beauvoir’s analysis of gender/sex?

one is not born a woman but made a woman by Patriarchal standards

How do we come to know who we are

by becoming—actively creating ourselves through choices, actions, and engagement with the world

Immanence

Trapped, destined fate (being-in-itself/objecthood)

Transcendence

humans feel to go beyond, moving  beyond current state ((being-for-itself/subjective, purposeful action)

What can Literature do for us, according to de Beauvoir?

unveiling of the worl; llows us to experience the world through others' perspectives

-Iris Marion Young, Throwing Like a Girl

odily, self-actualizing movement is restricted by societal pressures that root them in immanence

phenomenology

to understand how social structures like gender are internalized and embodied; philosophical study of experience.

Frantz Fanon, “Introduction” to Black Skin, White Masks

famously arguing that black identity is constructed in relation to whiteness

What is Fanon’s perspective on freedom

true freedom requires liberating the mind from internalised inferiority

Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, themes as connected to human nature

The monster

Frankenstein in relation to Freedom

The ida of being inherently free

Frankenstein in relation to agency

The creature seeks agency (the ability to act, choose, and exist freely)

Frankenstein in relation to Creation

 Fails to fulfill the "parental" duties toward the creature

Frankenstein in relation to Responsibility

Are you responsible for what you create.

Despair

Recognizing our limits (We cant control everything)

What name does ranciere give the myth that “The world is divided into knowing minds and ignorant ones, ripe minds and immature ones.

Pedagogy

According to Descartes what activity defines mans essence?

Thinking

What is Menos Paradox

Inquiry is either imposible or unsessesary

Res Cognitas

A thinking things

Platonic forms are

1 - Pure,

2 - Transcendent

3 - Unintellagile