Rehabilitation & Peri-op (Exam 4) Questions with 100% correct answers + detailed rationales

Rehabilitation

Helps patients achieve highest level of independence and function, not always full recovery.

Populations Requiring Rehabilitation

Stroke, COPD, heart disease, cancer, diabetes, TBI, SCI, amputations, chronic illness.

Goals and Principles of Rehabilitation

Prevent disability, restore function, promote independence, improve quality of life.

Prevent pressure injury

Reposition in bed every 2 hours; reposition in w/c every 1-2 hours.

Continuum of care

IRF → SNF → Home → Outpatient.

Interprofessional Team: Nurse

Coordination, education.

Interprofessional Team: Physiatrist

Medical rehab management.

Interprofessional Team: PT

Mobility, gait.

Interprofessional Team: OT

ADLs, fine motor.

Interprofessional Team: SLP

Speech/swallowing.

Interprofessional Team: Social worker

Discharge/resources.

Interprofessional Team: Psychologist

Coping.

Interprofessional Team: Dietitian

Nutrition.

Nursing Role in Rehabilitation

Advocate, reinforce therapy goals, promote independence, coordinate care, plan discharge.

Functional Assessment

ADLs (bathing, dressing) + IADLs (shopping, cooking) determine discharge needs.

Prevention of Complications

Pressure injuries, falls, constipation, UTIs, immobility complications.

Psychosocial Considerations

Grief, depression, loss of identity; support coping and independence.

Discharge Planning

Starts on admission; assess home safety, caregiver ability, equipment needs.

Perioperative Care

Pre-op (before), intra-op (during), post-op (after)

Surgical Classifications - Purpose

Diagnostic, curative, palliative, reconstructive, cosmetic

Surgical Classifications - Urgency

Elective, urgent, emergent

Preoperative Phase - Assessment

Physical & psychosocial

Preoperative Phase - Patient Preparation

Teaching, consent

Preoperative Phase - Risk Factors

Age, chronic illness, meds, smoking

Intraoperative Phase

Maintenance of sterility and safety

Intraoperative Phase - Monitoring

Monitor airway, oxygenation, vitals

Intraoperative Phase - Team Roles

Surgeon, anesthesia, RN, surgical tech

Surgical Safety

Time-out, correct patient/procedure/site, SBAR communication

Postoperative Phase - PACU

Airway priority → ongoing recovery (pain, mobility)

Postoperative Complications

Atelectasis (#1), pneumonia, cardiovascular issues

Emergency Complications - Early Signs

↑ CO₂, tachycardia, rigidity

Emergency Complications - Late Signs

Hyperthermia

Emergency Complications - Treatment

Dantrolene, cooling, stop anesthesia

Malignant Hyperthermia

Overheat during procedure; life threatening

Discharge Planning

Assess support system, mobility, understanding of care