Geosphere/ rock cycle

Sedimentary

formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once living organisms

Metamorphic

made from pre-existing rocks exposed to heat and pressure

Igneous

Makes up most of the earth’s crust.

Foliated

Striped Meatmorphic rock

Non Foliated

Non striped Metamorphic rock

Extrusive

Cool/solid at the surface

Intrusive

Does not make it to the surface and settles under the cracks under the surface.

Magma

Liquid and can contain minerals

Lava

Reached surface

Chemical weathering

-rainwater changes the minerals in rocks (round river rocks)

Physical and Mechanical Weathering

-usually in cold wet climates -liquid water freezes, melts cracks, rocks (pot holes)

Biological

-movement of plants and animals (burrows)

Weather

Breaking down rocks into sedement. Wind, water flow, freezing, and thawing.

tectonic plates

large rigid pieces of lithosphere

lithosphere

a rigid outer layer of the earth also known as the crust.

asthenosphere

the soft magma portion of the crust

convergent boundary

when two tectonic plates come together

divergent boundary

when two tectonic plates come together

transform boundary

two plates slide past each other.

Convergent Boundary Cause

It causes mountains, hills, subduction, and trenches

Divergent Boundary Causes

Form Valleys and an oceanic ridge

Transform Boundary Causes

Causes earthquakes