Equilibrium

reversible reaction

Elementary rate reactions that can occur in either direction.

dynamic chemical equilibrium

Reactions continue even after the final concentrations become constant.

gases and aqueous solutions

What types of reactants and products are included in an equilibrium expression

temperature

What is the only factor that changes the value of K in a chemical equilibrium?

more reactant

value of K that is less than 1 indicates

more product

value of K that is greater than 1 indicates

Le Chatelier’s principle

An equilibrium system subjected to a stress (change) will react (forward or reverse) to counteract that change.

equilibrium constant

The ratio of the rate constants, it is [products]/[reactants]

• Initial Concentrations

• Relative Energies of Reactants & Products

• Relative Degree of Organization of Reactants & Products

Factors determining Equilibrium Position

Keq

is a measure of what extent a chemical reaction will proceed towards completion

homogenous equilibria

• All reactants and products are in the same state of matter

heterogenous equilibria

• There are different states of matter in either or both the reactants and products.

Q < K

means there are too many reactants and the rxn goes to the right (products)

Q > K

• means there are too many products and the rxn goes to the left (reactants)

Q = K

•  means the rxn is at equilibrium and there is no shift

lower molecules

• Total system pressure increases shift to place of