American pageant chapter 7

Sugar act (1764)

Passed on sugar to raise revenue

Where were colonists tried for things like smuggling

Vice-admary courts , didn't have a jury

Quartering Act (1765)

Colonists had to give food and housing for British soldiers

Stamp Act (1765)

First direct tax, placed tax on paper items/documents

Why were colonists angered by these taxes?

They were passed without the consent of colonial legislators

Virginia resolves

In response to the Stamp Act, Patrick Henry reiterates no taxation without representation and says only colonial legislator could tax colonies

Virtual representation

British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members because they are British citizens

Stamp Act Congress

Reps from 9 colonies met to oppose British policies and they moved to inter-colonial unity

Sons of liberty

A secret organization that used violence to stop enforcement of Stamp Act (tar and Feather)

Boycotts (Non-importation agreements)

Against British imoprts and were the most effective form of resistance, it led to the repeal of the stamp act

Decretory act

England says they have power over colonies

Townshend act

Tax on imports like paper, tea, glass. The money was used to pay royal officials in the colonies. Could search homes by getting "wit of assistance"

"Letter from a farmer in Pennsylvania" argued for ___

No taxation without representation

Daughters of liberties organized ___

Spinning bees, where they would spin their own clothes instead of buying from British

Boston Massacre

British troops opened fire and killed 5 colonists. Paul Revere's engraving used as pro-colonial propaganda. John Adams defends soldiers

Committees of Correspondents (1772)

Led by Sam Adams, used to keep up communication and resistance to British policies

Tea Act (1773)

Gave a monopoly to the British East India Company. This was cheaper than smuggled tea but colonists still opposed it

Boston tea party (1773)

Sons of liberty dumped tea into Boston harbor

Coercive acts (intolerable acts)

Boston port was closed until the property was paid for, reduced power of Massachusetts's legislator and banned town hall meetings, the quartering act expanded, royal officials accused of crime put on trial in England

Suffolk resolves

boycott British goods until the Intolerable Acts were repealed

Quebec Act

Extended boundary into Ohio Valley, Roman catholicism est. as official religion, government could operate without representative assembly or trial by Jury

Why were colonists mad at Quebec act?

They believed land in Ohio River Valley was for them, protestant colonists didn't like Catholicism, worried that England would take away representative government in the colonies

1st continental congress

Representatives from all colonies except Georgia met in Philadelphia in September 1774, wanted to repair the relationship with England, NOT calling for independence, adopted the declaration of rights and grievances, endorsed suffolk resolves, created "the association" to coordinate economic boycott, started military preparations, planned to meet again in 1775.

Lexington and Concord

British troops went to seize colonial weapons and arrest Sam Adams and John Handcock, minute men warned by Paul Revere and William Dawes, shot heard around the world killed 8 colonists at Lexington (April 1775), another battle at concord and start of American revolution