1.Pre-historic period

paleolithic

30k-10k BC. OLD STONE AGE; homo sapiens or cro-magnon man. food and fertility were primary concerns; they though in an abstract way

flint

chipped stones; were tools for writing

mousterian

what sub period of the paleolithic era used pigments for bodily ornamentation?

aurignacian

cave paintings were first done around what sub period of paleolithic era?

magdalenian

last of hunter-gatherers; engravings of animals on bone

animistic

magic or rituals

glacial age

people were NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERERS

venus of willendorf

votive sculpture found in austria; about 4 1/2" tall. made of limestone. subject is a FEMALE OF A CHILD-BEARING BUILT; w/c meant she has life sustaining qualities

venus of laussel

a stone carving of a woman HOLDING AN ANIMAL SCORN where cornucopia came from. the scorn symbolized power over nature

votive sculpture

SMALL SCULPTURES usually made of bone, ivory, clay and stine. made either 'in the round' or relief style

cornucopia

symbol of FERTILITY and ABUNDANCE

mesolithic age

10k-8k BC. MIDDLE STONE AGE with very few contribution. saw BEGINNINGS OF SETTLED COMMUNITIES and FARMING. age where BOW and ARROW was invented. produced POTTERY for food storage and started to DOMESTICATE animals. glacial ice and certain food disappeared

pottery

made in a HAND-MOLDED and COILED way. it became a standard prod in neolithic age

sgraffito

incisions in pottery

rock paintings

similar to the paleolithic cave paintings only these were moved to OUTDOORS and VERTICAL CLIFFS. subjects were usually human objects in highly stylized stick figures

neolithic age

7k-3k BC. NEW STONE AGE. permanent settings began. VILLAGES started to develop. the use of MUD BRICKS to construct their houses. AGRICULTURE also started in this age

pottery

made of kilning; used mostly for FOOD STORAGE. was painted and decorated

vessels

used for STORAGE AND COOKING in the neolithic age

beehive hut

tribe dwellings that can be found in ireland and scotland. made from a CIRCLE OF STONES TOPPED WITH A DOMED ROOF

trullo

CONICAL, STONE ROOFED dwelling; unique to the region of puglia in southeastern italy. DRY WALLED, rough size, sheltered with CORBELLED ROOF

dabbing

meaning dry, ROUGHLY PLASTERED WALLS

megalith

LARGE STONE; used to construct a structure/monument. can be alone or combined with other stones; assembled without a mortar

menhir

large, SINGLE UPRIGHT STANDING STONE; symbol of FERTILITY. the stone is associated with an erected penis penetrating the ground associated with female, hence called mother earth

dolmens

FREE STANDING CHAMBER/standing stones covered by capstones as lid; used for BURIAL and covered by mounds

orthostat

upright slab forming part of a structure. it sometimes found forming the entrance to a chamber tomb

chromlech

MENHIR GROUPED TOGETHER to form CIRCLES/SEMI CIRCLE. an example is the STONE HENGE. aka STONE CIRCLE

stone henge

prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England. said to be built as calendar for the cycle of planting and harvesting

stone row

linear arrangement of stones or upright parallel standing stones

taula

straight, standing stone topped with another. it forms a T SHAPE

trilithon

2 parallel upright stones with a horizontal stone placed on top; earliest post and lintel construction; eg stonehenge

bronze age

age where copper and tin and semi precious stone were used. saw advance in pottery