Unit 6: Nucleic acids

What does a nucleotide consist of=

Base, Phosphate group, sugar /ribose, deoxyribose)

Which part contains genetic information?

The sequence of base

What is the difference between nucleoside and nucleotide?

Nitrogenous Base + sugar = nucleoside.

Nucleoside + phosphate = nucleotide.

What are the types of different bases in DNA?

Purin: Adenin, Guanin

Pyrimidine: Thymin/Uracil, Cytosin,

What type of sugars are ribose and deoxyribose?

Pentose

What is the bond between the nitrogenous base and the sugar?

N-glycosidic bond

What is the bond between nucleoside and phosphate called?

Ester bond

Functions of the nucelotides?

They transmit hereditary characteristics

Transport ATP

They act as Coenzyme

Cell signaling

What is the difference between Ribose and deoxyribose?

Deoxyribose has 2 hydrogens in carbon number 2

How are nucleotides bounded?

Through phosphodiester bonds

What is primary and secondary structure of a DNA

1. primary: linear sequence of nucleotides with phosphodiester bonds

2. secondary: double helix

What gives the directions of the dna strings their name?

The position of the free phosphjate grouo

How many bonds betweenn G-C and A-T?

G-C = 3

A - T = 2

Unterschied RNA DNA?

Single stranded

Uracil instead of Thymin

Ribose

Function of prtotein synthesis

Main characteristics of genetic code?

• Three Bases (codon) = 1 amino acids

• different codons can encode for the same aa

• It reads from 5´-3´

• 20 amino acids and 64 possible triplets

• Stop codon AUG