Phylogeny & Taxonomy

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Last updated 7:36 AM on 4/26/26
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11 Terms

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What does a phylogeny show?

Evolutionary relationships, common ancestry, and speciation history

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In a phylogeny, what does a node represent?

A speciation event (common ancestor splitting)

3
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What does it mean if two species share a more recent node?

They are more closely related

4
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Can rotating branches change a phylogeny’s meaning?

No

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What is a polytomy?

A node with >2 branches (uncertain relationships)

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What is a clade (monophyletic group)?

Ancestor + all descendants

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Paraphyletic group?

Missing some descendants

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Polyphyletic group?

No recent common ancestor

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What is a species in binomial nomenclature?

The full two-part name (genus + specific epithet)

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Are reptiles a clade?

No

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Why aren’t amphibians and reptiles closest relatives?

Amniotes (reptiles + mammals) share a more recent common ancestor