poetry vocab

line

a group of words together on one line of the poem.

Stanza

a group of lines arranged together.

Rhyme

the repetition of sounds in two or more words.

Rhyme Scheme

a pattern of rhyme usally found at the end of lines of poetry. Uses the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to “see” the pattern. (ABBAC)

Repitition

a word, phrase, or stanza is repeated exactly throughout. Usually for emphasis.

Literal Meaning

a summary of a poem or stanza or lines in a poem in your own words. Like a plot summary. Think of what happens in the beginning, middle, and end of the poem.

Speaker

the narrative perspective of the poem (do not assume it is the poet).

Tone

The speakers attitude toward the subject.

Diction

the word choice the poet uses

Shift

Known as a turn or a volta in poetry, is a significant change in direction, tone, perspective, or subject matter. It acts as a pivot point that transforms the poem’s meaning, moves it toward a resolution, or alters the speaker’s emotional state.

Common Types of Shifts

• Tone

• Perspective [point of view]

• Time

• Subject Matter

Enjambment

the continuation of a sentence, phrase, or clause across a line break in poetry without terminal punctuation (like a period or a comma).

Theme

the underlying message of the poem.

Concrete Poetry

a form of picture-poem in which letters and words are arranged to create a visual effect. The shape often enhances the meaning of the poem.

Free Verse

used to describe poetry based on an irregular but rhythmic pattern of words and phrases rather than a regular arrangement of accented and unaccented syllables. Free verse does not usually use any type of rhyme.

Elegy

A mournful poem to honor someone who died.