Chemistry yr10 mock - Chapter 4 - obtaining metals/reactions/extraction of metals

What is the reactivity of a metal related to?

If it has a higher tendency to form positive ions, it is more reactive

Order of reactivity of these metals; copper, zinc, potassium, lithium, magnesium, iron, sodium and calcium

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper

What two non-metals are found in the reactivity series

Carbon and hydrogen

Name 5 metals that react with water

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium and magnesium

What two substances are produced when a metal reacts with water

Metal hydroxide and water

General equation for a metal reacting with water

Metal + water → metal hydroxide + water

What is the requirement for metals reacting with acids

They must be more reactive than hydrogen

What two substances are produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

Salt and hydrogen

General equation for a metal reacting with an acid

Metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

What happens in a metal displacement reaction

More reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from a compound

Why are some metals, like gold, found in the earth as the metal itself

They are unreactive

Why do most metals require chemical reactions to extract them

They are found as compounds, like metal oxides/carbonates

What is the requirement for a metal to be extracted from their oxide by reduction with carbon

They must be less reactive than carbon

What is reduction

Loss of oxygen

Which metals must be extracted via electrolysis

More reactive than carbon

What two metals does carbon sit inbetween in the reactivity series

Above zinc and below aluminium

Reaction of the metals with oxygen (above carbon)

Burns to form oxide

Observations of potassium and sodium solids when put into water

Fizzes, melts, floats, moves on the surface

-Potassium - lilac flame

-Sodium - yellow/orange flame

Write two half equations for the displacement of iron from iron oxide by aluminium

-Al → Al (3+) + 3e-

-Fe (3+) + 3e- → Fe

Write an overall ionic equation for the displacement of silver from silver nitrate by copper

Cu + 2Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2Ag

Write an overall ionic equation and two half equations for the displacement of copper from copper sulfate by iron, and identify which half equation represents reduction/oxidation

Ionic: Fe + Cu2+ → Fe2+ + Cu

Half equations: Fe → Fe2+ + 2e- & Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu

The iron half equation is oxidation, the copper half equation is reduction