Art Final Study Guide

Line

Horizontal, vertical, diagonal, straight, curved, dotted, broken, thick, thin

Shape

2D(two dimensional)/flat, geometric (square, circle, oval, triangle), organic (all other shapes)

Form

3D (three dimensional), geometric (cube, sphere, cone), organic (all other forms such as: people, animals, tables, chairs, etc.)

Color

Refers to wavelengths of light, hue (name), value (lightness/darkness), intensity (saturation or amount of pigment), temperature (warm and cool), and relates to tint, tone, and shade

Texture

The feel, appearance, thickness, or stickiness of a surface (for example: smooth, rough, silky, furry)

Space

The area around, within, or beneath images or parts of an image, relates to perspective, positive and negative space

Value

The darkness or lightness of a color. White added to a color makes it a tint. Black added to a color makes it a shade

Pattern

A regular arrangement of alternated or repeated elements (shapes, lines, colors) or motifs

Contrast

The juxtaposition of different elements of design (for example: rough and smooth textures, dark and light values) in order to highlight their differences an/or create visual interest or a focal point

Emphasis

Special attention/importance given to one part of a work of art (for example a dark shape in a light composition). Emphasis can be achieved through placement, contrast, color, size, repetition, and relates to focal point

Balance

A feeling of balance results when the elements of design are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically to create the impression of equality or weight in importance

Proportion/Scale

The relationship between objects with respect to size, number, and so on, including the relation between parts of a whole

Harmony

The arrangement of elements to give the viewer the feeling that all the parts of the piece form a coherent whole

Rhythm/Movement

The use of recurring elements to direct movement of the eye through the artwork. There are five kinds of rhythm: random, regular, alternating, progressing, and flowing. The way the elements are organized to lead the eye to the focal area. Movement can be directed for example, along edges and by the means of shape and color