Muscle Functions and Movements

These flashcards cover key muscles, their associated movements, primary functions, and locations in relation to the humerus and scapula.

Anterior Deltoid

Moves the humerus; located anteriorly; its primary functions are flexion, abduction, and horizontal adduction.

Coracobrachialis

Moves the humerus; located anteriorly; its primary functions are flexion, adduction, and horizontal adduction.

Infraspinatus

Moves the humerus; located posteriorly; its primary functions are external rotation, horizontal abduction, extension, and stabilization.

Latissimus Dorsi

Moves the humerus; located posteriorly; its primary functions are adduction, extension, internal rotation, and horizontal abduction.

Levator Scapula

Moves the scapula; located posteriorly; its primary function is elevation.

Long Head Biceps Brachii

Moves the humerus; located anteriorly; its primary function is weak glenohumeral flexion and primary elbow flexion and supination.

Long Head Triceps

Moves the humerus; located posteriorly; its primary function is weak glenohumeral extension and primary elbow extension.

Lower Trapezius

Moves the scapula; located posteriorly; its primary functions are depression, upward rotation, and retraction.

Middle Deltoid

Moves the humerus; located superiorly; its primary function is abduction.

Middle Trapezius

Moves the scapula; located posteriorly; its primary functions are elevation, upward rotation, and retraction.

Pectoralis Major

Moves the humerus; located anteriorly; its primary functions are horizontal adduction, internal rotation, and adduction.

Pectoralis Minor

Moves the scapula; located anteriorly; its primary functions are protraction, downward rotation, and depression.

Posterior Deltoid

Moves the humerus; located posteriorly/superiorly; its primary functions are extension and abduction.

Rhomboids (major, minor)

Moves the scapula; located posteriorly; its primary functions are retraction, downward rotation, and elevation.

Serratus Anterior

Moves the scapula; located anteriorly; its primary functions are protraction and upward rotation.

Subscapularis

Moves the humerus; located anteriorly; its primary function is internal rotation and stabilization.

Supraspinatus

Moves the humerus; located superiorly; its primary functions are abduction and stabilization.

Teres Major

Moves the humerus; located posteriorly; its primary functions are extension, internal rotation, and adduction.

Teres Minor

Moves the humerus; located posteriorly; its primary functions are external rotation, horizontal abduction, extension, and stabilization.

Upper Trapezius

Moves the scapula; located posteriorly; its primary functions are extension of the head/cervical spine and elevation.