Chapter 4 - The Pieces of the Body Puzzle

Calvaria

vault that protects the brain and brain stem

• formed from curved flat bones

  • frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and sphenoid bones

Facial Bones

• nasal (nose)

• lacrimal (for drainage of tears)

• zygomatic (cheek)

• maxilla (upper jaw)

• mandible (lower jaw)

Orbicularis Oculi

facial muscles that allow you to close your eyelids

Orbicularis Oris

Facial muscles that close the mouth

Verterbral Column components

33 bonesL

• 7 Cervical (Neck) vertebrae

  • first 2 bones are the atlas (C1) and axis (C2)

• 12 thoracic (chest) vertebrae

• 5 lumbar (lower back) vertebrae

• 1 sacrum (midline region of buttocks) made up of 5 fused vertebrae

• 1 coccyx (tail bone) made up of 3-5 fused vertebrae

intervertebral discs

form a strong and flexible support for the neck and trunk

Sternum components

• Manubrium

• Sternal Body

• Xiphoid Process

Triple layer of muscles of the Abdomen

• External Oblique

• Internal Oblique

• Transversus Abdomnis

Linea alba

• white line

• where the triple muscle layers meet at the midline

Rectus Abdomini

• the six-pack

Clavicle (Collarbone)

the only bone connecting the upper limb to the axial skeleton

Pectoralis Major (and its 2 heads)

has two heads:

• clavicular head - flexes and medially rotates the shoulder joint

  • attached to the clavicle

• sternal head - extends shoulder joint from a flexed position and medially rotates the shoulder joint