NAACP

What percentage of black Americans in the South were illiterate in 1946?

25%

When was the NAACP founded, and by whom?

12th February 1909, by key individuals such as Mary White Ovington, W. E. B. Du Bois, and Ida B Wells

How many members did the NAACP have by 1946?

600,000 members by 1946

Which case desegregated schools?

Brown V Topeka

What was the landmark case Brown v. Board of Education about?

Brown v. Board of Education challenged the segregation of schools in Topeka, Kansas, where Rev. Oliver Brown's 7 year old daughter, Linda, was denied access to a nearer white school

Who headed the legal team for the NAACP in the Brown v. Board of Education case?

Thurgood Marshall, leader of the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund

Who was Thurgood Marshall?

leader of the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund

Why was Thurgood Marshall significant?

13 years later first black man appointed to supreme court by Lyndon B Johnson in 1967

Who was the Chief Justice that declared school segregation unconstitutional?

Chief Justice Earl Warren

When did Earl Warren become Chief Justice?

5th October 1953

What doctrine was overturned by the Brown v. Board of Education decision?

The "separate but equal" doctrine from the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson case

What amendment did ‘separate but equal’ violate?

14th

When was Brown V. Topeka decided?

17th May 1954

How did it pass?

9-0 = unanimous

When did the case first come to court?

1952 but denied 5-4

Who were the judges in favour of overturning ‘separate but equal’ in 1952?

William O. Douglas, Hugo L. Black, Harold H. Burton, and Sherman Minton

What did Thurgood Marshall predict about school segregation after the Brown decision?

school segregation would be eradicated within 5 years

C: What was the state of school integration in the Deep South by 1960?

By 1960, none of the 1.4 million African-American children in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina attended integrated schools

What percentage of African-American children in the South attended segregated schools by 1964?

More than 98% of African-American children in the South attended segregated schools by 1964

When was McLaurin V. Oaklahoma?

5th June 1950 passed 9–0

Who was involved in McLaurin V. Oaklahoma

George W. McLaurin, an African American student with a master’s degree, applied for University of Oklahoma but was denied entry solely because of his race

What was the result of McLaurin V. Oaklahoma?

desegregate graduate school

When was Sweatt v. Painter?

5th June 1950

How many profs did the Uni of Texas Law School have compared to the black law school?

The University of Texas Law School had 16 full-time and 3 part-time professors, while the black law school had 5 full-time professors

How many students did the University of Texas Law School have?

850

How many students did the black Law School have?

23

How many books were in the University of Texas Law School have?

65,000

How many books were in the black Law School have?

16,500